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OS Linux Essentials
Chapter 2 - 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider: (choose four) | Does the distribution offer a “stable” version If the application software is supported by the distribution Will commercial support be required for the OS Does your organization require long-term support for the system |
| Embedded Systems means: | Systems designed to do a specific task on hardware optimized for only that purpose |
| The most popular Linux platform for mobile phones is: | Android |
| Linux distributions use this to add and remove software from the system: | Package manager |
| In Linux, RPM can be defined as: | The Package Manager program for Red Hat Linux |
| Linux originally only ran on: | Intel 386 PCs |
| A long software release cycle is: | Valued by businesses that want stability |
| Which distribution is related to Red Hat? | Fedora |
| SUSE is derived from which distribution? | Slackware |
| IoT is one application of embedded systems: | True |
| Artificial intelligence has little potential for gains in efficiency, safety and productivity. | False |
| The Raspberry Pi is popular with experimenters because: | It’s cheap and adaptable |
| Debian is a community effort that supports many hardware platforms True or False? | True |
| Linux Mint is: | A fork of Ubuntu Linux |
| A computer running Linux can: | All of the above |
| Bundling utilities, management tools, and application software with a Linux kernel is called a: | A distribution of Linux |
| A network of inexpensive computers connected to sensors and controllers is called: | Internet of Things (IoT) |
| The Linux platform that runs on mobile phones is called: | Android |
| What does a distribution provide to add and remove software from the system? | Package Manager |
| A software release cycle describes: | How often upgrades come out for software |
| Which distributions are made by, or are clones of, RedHat? (choose two) | Fedora CentOS |
| Ubuntu is derived from which distribution? | Debian |
| The most important consideration when choosing an operating system is: | What the intended use of the system is |
| A maintenance cycle: | Describes how long a version of software will be supported |
| If a software release is in a state in that it has many new features that have not been rigorously tested, it is typically referred to as beta software. True or False? | True |
| Software is backward compatible if: | It still supports old file formats or applications |
| Apple’s OS X is: (choose three) | Partially based on code from the FreeBSD project A fully certified UNIX distribution Tightly integrated with Apple hardware |
| Microsoft Windows: (choose three) | Offers both desktop and server products Is generally backwards compatible with previous versions Has a scripting environment called PowerShell |
| When choosing a distribution of Linux, you should consider: (choose five) | Will commercial support be required for the OS Does the distribution offer a “stable” version Does your organization require long-term support for the system If the application software is supported by the distribution Will users require a GUI |
| The Samba application is a: | File Server |
| Which of the following are examples of desktop software? (choose two) | Web browser Music player |
| If you wanted to set up a blog, which software would be most helpful? | WordPress |
| Which of the following pieces of software deal with file sharing? (choose three) | NFS Samba Netatalk |
| If you wanted to create and print an invoice, which software could you use? | LibreOffice |
| POP and IMAP are related to: | |
| When a computer boots, it can get its network information through: | DHCP |
| Which of the following are examples of text editors? (choose four) | pico vim emacs nano |
| A package manager: (choose two) | Keeps track of which files belong to which packages Downloads software from the Internet |
| An interpreted programming language: (choose two) | Tends to offer more features than compiled languages Is converted into machine specific instructions as the program runs |
| Which of the following are true about compiled programming languages? | C is a compiled language |
| Which package manager is used in Fedora, a Red Hat derived system? | yum |
| The Linux shell: (choose three) | Is customizable Has a scripting language Allows you to launch programs |
| Which application would you use to edit and piece together sound files to make a podcast? | Audacity |
| The two main families of Linux shells are: (choose two) | C Shell Bourne Shell |
| Which server software would you use to create a company directory that you could search and authenticate against? | OpenLDAP |
| A Mail Transfer Agent’s primary purpose is to: | Deliver mail between servers |
| Which of the following are examples of a web server? (choose two) | Nginx Apache |
| If you wanted to let a Linux machine share files with Windows clients and servers, you would use: | Samba |
| Virtualization means: | A single host can be split up into multiple guests |
| In virtualization, what are the host and guest? (choose two) | The host is the machine that runs the virtual machines A guest is a virtual machine |
| Which of the following are traits of cloud computing? (choose two) | Scales IT resources so you pay for what you use Resources can be accessed from anywhere over a network |
| If you wanted to write a report that was to be printed, you would probably use: | LibreOffice |
| To protect your privacy online, you can configure your computer to check for updates periodically. True or False? | True |
| Which of the following is a tool that helps you anonymize your Internet browsing? | Tor Browser |
| Cloud computing is: | All are correct |
| The term for individual computers running multiple systems at the same time is: | Virtualization |
| Which of the following are traits of a multiuser operating system? (choose three) | Resources are shared between users Many users can log in simultaneously with a unique account Users can protect their information from other users |
| If you want to store logins and passwords for different websites in a secure manner, you could use: | KeePassX |
| Two components that provide the ability to implement a firewall include: (choose two) | gufw iptables |
| What are tradeoffs of increasing the level of privacy you have in your web browser? (choose two) | Sites may not work properly You may have to explicitly permit some cookies to be saved |
| Social network “like” buttons can track your activity across the Internet. True or False? | True |
| Which of the following are properties of a strong password? (choose three) | Includes symbols At least 10 characters long A mix of upper and lower case |
| What can be done to prevent unauthorized users from accessing your computer remotely? (choose two) | Use strong passwords on all user accounts Turn on a firewall |
| In graphical mode, you can get to a shell by running which applications? (choose two) | Terminal Xterm |
| Linux source code is available to: | Anyone who has the knowledge needed to access it |
| Source code refers to: | A human-readable version of computer software |
| Open source means: (choose two) | You can view the software’s source code You can modify the software’s source code |
| A license where you don’t have access to the source code is called: | Closed source |
| Open source licenses differ, but generally agree that: (choose two) | You should have access to the source code of software You should be able modify the software as you wish |
| Richard Stallman is associated with: | The Free Software Foundation |
| A copyleft provision in a software license means: | If you redistribute the software, you must distribute the source to any changes you make |
| The largest difference between the GPLv2 and BSD licenses is: | BSD has no copyleft provision |
| The Free Software Foundation believes that: (choose two) | Software should be free to share Software should be free to modify |
| Which of the following licenses was made by the FSF? | GPLv3 |
| A permissive free software license: (choose two) | Means you can use the software for anything you want Places no restrictions on sharing modifications |
| Linux is distributed under which license? | GPLv2 |
| Who founded the Open Source Initiative? (choose two) | Eric Raymond Bruce Perens |
| A generic term for Open Source and Free Software is: | FLOSS |
| Which are examples of permissive software licenses? (choose two) | MIT BSD |
| What does it mean when a work is placed in the public domain? | The author has relinquished the copyright on the work |
| Creative Commons licenses allow you to: (choose three) | Allow or disallow commercial use Specify whether or not people may distribute changes Specify whether or not changes must be shared |
| If a podcast is licensed under the CC BY-ND license, you may: (choose two) | Share it as long as you give credit to the author Post it to your website |
| How can you make money from open source software? (choose three) | Sell hardware that’s built to work with the software Take payments for fixing bugs Provide paid consulting services for users |
| The difference between the GPL and LGPL licenses are: | LGPL ensures that all variants of the original GPL program has the same freedom of use as the original |
| Permissive free software licenses: (choose three) | Can allow software to be used inside closed source software Are not approved by the FSF Don’t have a copyleft provision |
| The Creative Commons version of Public Domain licensing is: | No Rights Reserved (CC0) |
| Your company makes a hardware firewall that runs a custom Linux kernel. What are your obligations under GPLv2? | You must make the source to your kernel available |
| Which environment variable contains a list of directories that is searched for commands to execute? | PATH |
| Select the command that can report the location of a command: | which |
| A pair of single quotes (') will prevent the shell from interpreting any metacharacter. True or False? | True |
| A pair of double quotes (") will prevent the shell from interpreting any metacharacter. True or False? | False |
| Using a pair of back quotes (`) will cause a shell to execute the back-quoted text as a command and substitute the output back into the original command. True or False? | True |
| The semicolon (;) can be used to separate multiple commands to be executed in order. True or False? | True |
| The double ampersand characters (&& ) are used to separate commands to be executed conditionally, where if the command to the left of the ampersands fails, then the command to the right of the ampersands will be executed. True or False? | False |
| To be able to output messages to the screen, use the _______ command: | echo |
| The _______ command will print a list of the commands that you’ve previously executed. | history |
| To execute the same command as previously executed five commands ago, you would type: | !-5 |
| The shell program interprets the commands you type into the terminal into instructions that the Linux operating system can execute. True or False? | True |
| The acronym CLI stands for: | Command Line Interface |
| What one character treats the character that follows it as if it was surrounded by single quotes? | \ |
| The echo command: | Is used to output text to the console |
| The most common shell used for Linux distributions is the ________ shell. | Bash |
| HOME is an example of _________. | An environment variable |
| What is the standard option to provide a command line program to view its documentation? | --help |
| The command man -k is the same as the command apropos. True or False? | True |
| The whatis command is the same as man -w. | False |
| The directory where additional documentation for software packages most likely can be found is: | /usr/share/doc |
| Which two pager commands are used by the man command to control movement within the document? (choose two) | more less |
| Commands typically executed by a user are covered in what section of the manual? | 1 |
| To search the man page sections for the keyword example, which of the following command lines could you execute? (choose two) | man -k example apropos example |
| The statement that describes the difference between a man page and an info page is: | The info page is like a guide; a man page is a more concise reference. |
| If you are reading the synopsis of a command from a man page, then items in square [] brackets are: | Optional |
| The following sections commonly appear on a man page: (choose three) | SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION NAME |
| Section 5 of the manual pages covers: | File Formats |
| To start searching a man page, the first key you press is: | / |
| In order to exit viewing a man page, press: | q |
| To get help on using the info command, execute: (choose two) | man info info info |
| To get help while using the info command, press: | Shift+H |
| To exit the info page, press: | Q |
| When interpreting the SYNOPSIS of a command found on a man page, the “|” means: | The items it separates cannot be used together |
| The _____ command is normally executed daily to update the database of all files that are on the system. | updatedb |
| The _____ command is normally executed to search for a command or man page. | whereis |
| The _____ command can be used to find any file, not just commands or man pages. | locate |
| The info command merges all available documentation into a single “book”. True or False? | True |
| Section 9 of man pages relates to what? | Kernel Routines |
| The man command searches each of the sections in order until it finds a match. True or False? | True |
| The whatis command will only return the first result for which section a man page is stored in. True or False? | False |
| Hidden files are files that begin with what character? | A period (.) |
| What option for the ls command will display all files, including hidden files? | -a |
| The top-level directory on a Linux system is represented as: | / |
| Is the following path absolute or relative? /etc/ppp | Absolute |
| Is the following path absolute or relative? sysadmin/Documents | Relative |
| Is the following path absolute or relative? ../../home/sysadmin | Relative |
| The tilde (~) is used to represent: | A user’s home directory |
| Which of the following commands can be used to access the home directory of the user “bob” while logged in as root? (choose two) | cd ~bob cd /home/bob |
| The double dot (..) can be used with the cd command to represent: | The directory above the current working directory |
| The cd command by itself will take you to what directory? | Your home directory |
| What command will allow you to change your current working directory? | cd |
| The double dot (..) can be used to represent the directory… | …above the current directory. |
| The ls command without options or arguments… | …lists the contents of the current directory. |
| The first character in a long listing (ls -l) indicates: | If something is a file, directory, or symbolic link |
| Which option for the ls command, when used in conjunction with the -l option, will display human-readable file sizes? | -h |
| Which of the following commands will prevent any aliased options to the ls command? | \ls |
| The ls command color codes results by default. True or False? | False |
| The command ls -S will sort files: | By size, largest to smallest |
| When using the cp command, you must provide both a source and a destination. True or False? | True |
| Which option(s) can be used to prevent cp from overwriting an existing file? (choose two) | -i -n |
| The command rm -r will… | remove a directory along with any files or subdirectories. |
| Which option can be used with the rm command to prompt before deleting? | -i |
| The rm command can delete multiple files at once. True or False? | True |
| Which of the following commands can be used to rename a file? | mv |
| The touch command can be used to: (choose two) | Update the timestamp of existing files Create new files |
| Which of the following are glob characters? (choose three) | The square brackets [ and ] The asterisk * The question mark ? |
| The main purpose of using glob characters is to be able to provide a list of filenames to a command. True or False? | True |
| The asterisk character is used to represent zero or more of any character in a filename. True or False? | True |
| Which of these commands will return /etc/gai.conf /etc/pam.conf /etc/ucf.conf? (choose two) | echo /etc/???.*f ls /etc/???.???? |
| Brackets cannot be used to a represent a range of characters. True or False? | False |
| Which command would list files that do not begin with a T or a W? | echo /etc/[!TW]* |
| Compression of a file works by: | Removing redundant information |
| In general, for which of the following would you want to use lossless compression? | A log file |
| Lossy compression: (choose three) | Usually results better compression than lossless Is often used with images Sacrifices some quality |
| You type gzip myfile.tar. What happens? (choose two) | myfile.tar is removed myfile.tar.gz holds a compressed version of myfile.tar |
| How would you obtain output similar to the following? compressed uncompressed ratio uncompressed_nam 278168 1016950 72.6% tags | >gzip –l tags |
| Which command would you use to archive the Documents directory and compress it with bzip2 compression? | tar –cjf documents.tbz Documents |
| Which flag would you pass to tar in order to have it make a new archive? | -c |
| Which command will show what is inside the compressed tarball with a name of foo.tar.gz? CHOICES: tar –tzf foo.tar.gz tar –tf foo.tar.gz tar –tjf foo.tar.gz tar –lf foo.tar.gz tar –xf foo.tar.gz | tar –tzf foo.tar.gz |
| In the command tar-cvjf foo.tbz a b c, what are a, b, and c? | File names to be added to the archive |
| Given the command tar –cvjf homedirs.tbz /home, which of the following are true? (choose two) | The command will print out each filename as it is processed The output file will be compressed |
| You archived your users’ directories into a file called backup.tar.gz. You then view the archive and see the filenames follow this convention: home/username/somefile How will you extract just the files for the user called fred? | tar –xzf backup.tar.gz home/fred/ |
| Which of the following commands will create a zipfile with the contents of your Documents directory? | zip -r mydocs.zip Documents |
| Given a file called documents.zip, how can you see what’s in it without extracting the files? | unzip -l documents.zip |
| Given a file called documents.zip, how can you extract just the files under ProjectX? | unzip documents.zip ProjectX/* |
| You try to compress a file that is already compressed. Which of the following statements is true? | The file will not be compressed any further than it already was |
| Which of the following commands can be used to compress a file? (choose three) | gzip bzip2 zip |
| The three main modes of tar are: (choose three) | Create Extract List |
| In the command tar -czf foo.tar.gz bar, what is the purpose of the f flag? | Tells tar to write to the file that follows the flag |
| Which two commands do the same thing? (choose two) | tar -czf foo.tar.gz foo tar -c foo | gzip > foo.tar.gz |
| Which two programs use the Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm? (choose two) | gzip xz |
| By default, the zip command replaces uncompressed files with compressed files. True or False? | False |
Created by:
jhin