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Unit 1
Unit 1 – Linear relations, geometry, indices and surds
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Term | A single number |
| Coefficient | The numerical factor in a term (e.g. |
| Variable | A symbol |
| Constant | A fixed value that does not change (e.g. |
| Expression | A combination of terms without an equality sign (e.g. |
| Linear Equation | An equation that graphs as a straight line |
| Slope (Gradient) | A measure of the steepness of a line; calculated as the ratio of the vertical change to the horizontal change between two points on the line. |
| Y-intercept | The point where a graph crosses the y-axis (x = 0). |
| X-intercept | The point where a graph crosses the x-axis (y = 0). |
| Simultaneous Equations | A set of equations with multiple variables that are solved together to find a common solution. |
| Point | An exact location in space with no dimensions |
| Line | A straight one-dimensional figure extending infinitely in both directions. |
| Line Segment | A part of a line bounded by two endpoints. |
| Ray | A part of a line that starts at a point and extends infinitely in one direction. |
| Angle | Formed by two rays with a common endpoint |
| Parallel Lines | Lines in a plane that never intersect and are equidistant. |
| Perpendicular Lines | Lines that intersect at a right angle (90 degrees). |
| Triangle | A polygon with three sides and three angles. |
| Quadrilateral | A polygon with four sides and four angles. |
| Polygon | A closed figure with three or more straight sides. |
| Circle | A set of points equidistant from a central point |
| Radius | A line segment from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference. |
| Diameter | A line segment passing through the center of a circle |
| Circumference | The distance around a circle. |
| Area | The measure of the surface enclosed by a shape |
| Perimeter | The total distance around the edge of a polygon. |
| Volume | The amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional object |
| Pythagorean Theorem | In a right-angled triangle |
| Index (Exponent) | Indicates how many times a number (the base) is multiplied by itself (e.g. |
| Base | The number that is multiplied by itself as indicated by the exponent. |
| Power | The result of raising a base to an exponent (e.g. |
| Square | Raising a number to the power of 2 (e.g. |
| Cube | Raising a number to the power of 3 (e.g. |
| Square Root | A value that |
| Cube Root | A value that |
| Negative Exponent | Indicates the reciprocal of the base raised to the corresponding positive exponent (e.g. |
| Zero Exponent | Any non-zero base raised to the power of zero equals one (e.g. |
| Fractional Exponent | Represents roots; the denominator indicates the root |
| Surd | An irrational number that can't be simplified to remove the square root (or cube root |
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