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Unit 2
AP Macroeconomics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| GDP defininition | Gross Domestic Product: the dollar value of all final goods and services produced within a country in one year |
| expenditures formula for GDP | C + I + G + (X-M) consumer spending + investment spending + gov. spending + (exports - imports) |
| income approach formula for GDP | national income = wages + rent + interest + profit |
| value added approach for GDP | add each additional value at each stage of production process |
| percent GDP formula | %GDP = (year 2 - year 1/year 1) x 100 |
| GDP per capita | best measure of a nation's standard of living (GDP/population) |
| things not included in GDP | - intermediate goods (only final goods count) - nonproduction transactions (something must always be produced) - nonmarket/illegal activities |
| unemployment rate formula | (# unemployed/# in labor force) x 100 |
| frictional unemployment | temporary unemployment/in-between jobs - ex: seasonal unemployment |
| structural unemployment | changes in the labor market causing job loss - creative destruction - technological unemployment |
| cyclical unemployment | unemployment caused by a recession |
| natural rate of unemployment formula | NRU = frictional + structural unemployment |
| labor force participation rate formula | LFPR = (labor force/working-age population) x 100 |
| consumer price index formula | CPI = (price of market basket/price of market basket base year) x 100 |
| inflation rate formula | (new # - old #/old #) x 100 |
| shoe leather costs | the costs of transactions (increases with inflation) |
| GDP deflator | measures the price of all goods produced (not just consumer purchases) |
| GDP deflator formula | (nominal GDP/real GDP) x 100 |
| nominal GDP formula | (deflator x real GDP)/100 |