Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
5 Criminology unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do functionalists believe about crime? | That it is inevitable and serves a purpose |
| What is anomie? | when people struggle to live up to society’s norms and values, they try and find other ways of achieving this success and act normlessly. |
| What is boundary maintenance? | A function of crime. Crime produces a reaction that unites society’s members against the wrongdoer, reminding them of the boundary between right and wrong, and confirming their shared rules. |
| How does crime encourage social change according to functionalists like Durkheim? | For society to progress, individuals with new ideas must challenge existing norms and values. At first this will be seen as deviance. |
| What is a safety valve in functionalism? | A relatively harmless way for someone to express their discontent. |
| What is a warning device in functionalism? | Crime indicates that there is an aspect of society that is not working and so, crime draws attention to the problem within society, which can then be fixed. |
| What is a strength of Durkheim's theory? | He was the first to notice that crime can actually have positive functions such as reinforcing boundaries |
| What are limitations of Durkheim's theory? | He didn't specify how much deviance was needed for society to function / he doesn't look at the causes of crime / overlooks that crime is not positive for the victims and that is isolates people |
| According to Merton, what is the root cause of crime? | The unequal structure in society. Some people have blocked opportunities to achieve the material goods society highly values |
| What is meant by strain? | The tension between the desire to achieve the goal and the lack of means to achieve it |
| According to Merton's strain theory, what are the 5 ways in which individuals may respond to the strain between goals and the means of achieving them in society. | Conformity Ritualism Innovation Retreatism Rebellion |
| What are the strengths of Merton's strain theory? | Merton shows normal and deviant behaviour arise from the same goals // He explains the pattern in statistics (most crime property related) |
| What are the limitations of Merton's strain theory? | Ignores the crimes of the wealthy // overpredicts the amount of working class crime // sees deviance as solely an individual response, ignoring the group deviance of delinquent subcultures // focuses on utilitarian crime |
| What is status frustration? | A sense of worthlessness. Individuals, typically working-class youth, who are unable to achieve societal goals or status through legitimate means so look to their peers |
| What three forms of opportunity subculture did Cloward and Ohlin identify? | Criminal, conflict, retreatist |
| One feature and one example of criminal subcultures | Existing criminal structure in place, boys apprenticed into it. County Drug lines / Mafia |
| One feature and one example of conflict subcultures | Lack of neighbourhood cohesion / conflict over territories. Gang warfare |
| One feature and one example of retreatist subcultures | Collectives of individuals with lack of opportunities that has led to crime / addiction. Lack of local organisation. Drug addicts |
| Strengths of subcultural theories | Examines the way society’s unequal structure leads to individuals forming new norms / values. // Can be applied to contemporary society. |
| Limitations of subcultural theories | Fails to explain why individuals rather than groups are more likely to commit crime // Assumes those who don’t success in education will turn to crime |
Created by:
Cabezablanca