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2 criminology

QuestionAnswer
What is meant by social control? the mechanisms, strategies, and processes that societies use to regulate individual and group behaviour, ensuring conformity to established norms, rules, and laws.
What are formal sanctions? sanctions enforced by organisations such as the police
What are informal sanctions? the way society shows its disapproval when norms are broken
What are positive sanctions? recognition such as praise or awards for positive deviant behaviour
1 example of positive deviant behaviour rescuing someone from a burning building
What are the 4 categories of formal sanctions? Custodial sentence Community sentences Fines Discharge
2 examples of community sentences probation orders / community payback work
What is an absolute discharge? when someone may be guilty of a crime, but punishment is not deemed suitable. e.g. self-defence crimes
What is VISOR? violent offender & sex offender register
What are the 4 personal reasons why crime is not reported? Fear Shame Disinterest Not affected
What are the 5 social and cultural reasons reasons crime is not reported? Lack of knowledge Complexity Lack of media interest Lack of current public concern Culture bound
What is meant by a ripple effect? The impact of crime beyond the immediate victim throughout their family, friends and community.
What is meant by social construction? something that has been constructed (made up) by society, rather than occurring naturally.
2 examples of activities that are illegal in the UK, but legal elsewhere Polygamy, FGM
2 examples of activities that are legal in the UK, but illegal elsewhere homosexuality, abortion
2 examples of activities that used to be legal in the UK, but are now illegal? slavery, driving without a seatbelt
2 key reasons why polygamy is legal in some countries religion, tradition
In how many countries is homosexuality illegal? 72
Created by: Cabezablanca
 

 



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