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Civil War and Recon.
Civil War and Reconstruction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Popular Sovereignty | Allowing voters to decide on the issue of slavery for themselves |
| Fugitive Slave Law | Authorized all public police forces to find and send back to the South any escaped slaves |
| Compromise of 1850 | Agreement that allowed California in as a free state and allowed the Utah and New Mexico territories to decide for themselves on the issue of slavery. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Kansas and Nebraska would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were pro-slavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. |
| Bleeding Kansas (1856) | a series of violent fights between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces in Kansas who had moved to Kansas to try to influence the decision of whether or not Kansas would a slave state or a free state. |
| Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sanford) | A legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court, ruled (7-2)that slaves were considered property |
| John Brown | Abolitionist who tried to start a slave revolt Harper's Ferry |
| Secede | leave the union |
| Abolitionism | The movement to end slavery before the Civil War |
| Reconstruction | term that applies to the reconstructing of the country following Civil War |
| Battle of Gettysburg | Turning point of the Civil War |
| Ku Klux Klan | Terrorist organization created by southern whites following the Civil War |
| Poll Taxes | Money charged to vote to prevent African-Americans from voting |
| Black Codes | Laws passed by Southern states to counter the 13th Amendment. It involved placing restrictions on African-Americans to make them subservient to whites in the South even after slavery ended. |
| 15th Amendment | Gave African-American (males) the right to vote |
| 13th Amendment | Ended slavery in America |
| Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's speech to honor fallen soldiers |
| Emancipation Proclamation | Statement by Lincoln that took effect on January 1, 1863. It ended slavery in the STATES IN REBELLION |
| Abraham Lincoln | President during the Civil War that went beyond the constitution to keep the southern states from seceding from the union permanently. |
| Scalawags | Term applied to white southerners who cooperated with Reconstruction |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | Author of Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Fort Sumter | Site of the first shots of the Civil War |
| U.S. Grant | Union general that helped win the Civil War and became President in 1869. He was elected twice but his administration was corrupt. He ENFORCED Reconstruction |
| 14th Amendment | Gave African-Americans equal protection and citizenship |
| Missouri Compromise | Agreement made in 1820 dividing the Louisiana Territory at the 36'30 line (north of the line would be free, south of the line would be slave) and allowing one state to join as a free state and one as a slave state |
| Grandfather Clauses | Laws passed to prevent African-Americans from voting by stipulating that they could vote only if they had relatives that voted previously |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws passed by southern states that separated blacks and whites |
| Rutherford B. Hayes | Elected President in 1876- he ENDED Reconstruction |
| Carpetbaggers | White Northerners who traveled South to help African Americans and to make profits |
| Freedman's Bureau | National agency designed to educate ex-slaves (freedmen) in the South |
| Literacy Tests | Reading and writing tests designed to prevent African Americans from voting |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Supreme Court case that determined separate but equal facilities were constitutional |
| Sharecropping | Common form of farming for freed slaves in the South; received a small plot of land, seed, fertilizer, tools from the landlord who decided what and how much should be planted; landlord usually took half of the harvest. |
| Radical Republicans | Political party that favored harsh punishment of Southern states after civil war |
| William Lloyd Garrison | United States abolitionist who published an anti-slavery newspaper called "The Liberator" |
| Frederick Douglass | United States abolitionist who escaped from slavery and became an influential writer and speaker. Influenced President Lincoln. |
| Suffrage | the right to vote |
| Harriet Tubman | Former slave who helped slaves escape on the Underground Railroad. Abolitionist |
| Appomattox Court House | Famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant |
| Battle of Antietam | North succeeded in halting Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. Was the bloodiest battle of the war resulting in 25,000 casualties. 1) Emancipation Proclamation issued after this 2) France and England decide not to help the Confederacy |
| 54th Massachusetts Regiment | African American unit in the Union Army that displayed great bravery in the assault on Ft. Wagner, S. C. |
Created by:
carmel-brennan