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3114
midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| drugs that primarily act in the brain (CNS), these drugs mostly depend on neurons and neurotransmission. | psychotropic |
| the 2 broad divisions of the mammalian nervous system | PNS and CNS |
| non-neuronal cells that perform various functions in the nervous system | glial cells |
| specialized cells that transmit information throughout the brain and body | neurons |
| the main body of the cell which houses the organelles and nucleus | soma (cell body) |
| a membrane-enclosed organelle that stores the genetic information of the cell | nucleus |
| synthesizes proteins | ribosomes |
| packages molecules in vesicles | Golgi apparatus |
| the cell body is formed by *bank* which is a membrane formed by 2 layers of lipid molecules. | lipid bilayer |
| what is embedded in the lipid bilayer and serve many biological functions | proteins |
| a protection form the neuron that conducts electrical impulses aways from the cell body (soma) and send information to other neurons | axons |
| projections from the neuron that conduct electrical impulses towards the cell body (soma) and receive signals from other neurons | dendrites |
| neurons can have many *blank* and only one *blank* | dendrites, axons |
| what do the dendrites do to increase the surface area of the cell for receiving action potentials | they branch away from the soma |
| what is the most common type of neuron in the human brain | multipolar neurons |
| multipolar neuron, electrical signals are transmitted down the... | axon away from the soma |
| when an axon branches at the end what is that called | axon collaterals |
| the axon endings that are somewhat enlarged | axon terminals |
| connections with other neurons are | synapses |
| neurons rest net negative charge inside is called | resting potential (abt 75mv) |
| inside of a cell has/is | cytoplasm |
| outside the cell has | extracellular fluid |
| what maintains the resting potential and allows ions to flow across the membrane | ion channels |
| when can neurons transmit electrical signals down their axon causing neuronal communications | when stimulated/excited |
| when a cell interior becomes more positively charged, from excitatory stimulation from other cells. | action potential |
| removes dead waste and dead cells from the CNS | microglia |
| are very relevant for psychopharmacology, and are the glial cells that form the blood brain Barrier | astrocytes |
| form a protective layer around the vasculature in the brain , preventing the molecules from the blood stream from entering the Brian tissue | Blood brain barrier/ BBB |
| the basilar artery and cerebral/carotid arteries meet to form what | the circle of willis |
| the circle of willis is a ring or arteries at the base of the brain that supplies blood to the | CNS |
| what can generally not pass the blood brain barrier | Large water soluble molecules |
| what can generally pass the blood brain barrier | smaller fat soluble molecules |
| during brain development neurons are formed from | precursor cells |
| what are found in the ventricular zone of the embryonic nervous system | radial glial progenitors |
| an embryonic layer of tissue surrounding the ventricles which contains neural stem cells |
Created by:
Hannah.Birse.