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chemical bonding

chem definitions

TermDefinition
compound a substance that is made up of two or more elements combined together chemically
octet rule when bonding occurs, atoms tend to reach an electron arrangement with 8 electrons on the outermost energy level
ions charged atom or group of atoms
ionic bond is the force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in a compound. Ionic bonds are always formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another
transition metal is one that forms at least one ion with a partially filled "d" sublevel
molecule is a group of atoms joined together. It is the smallest particle that can exist independently
valency (of an element) is defined as the number of atoms of hydrogen or any other monovalent element with which each atom of the element combines
sigma bond formed by the head-on overlap of two orbitals - covalent bond
pi bond formed by the sideways overlap of "p" orbitals - covalent bond
electronegativity is the relative attraction an atom in a molecule has for the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond
polar covalent bond is a bond in which there is an unequal sharing of the pair(s) of electrons, this causes on end of the bond to be slightly positive and the other end slightly negative
intramolecular bonding is bonding that takes place within a molecule, e.g: ionic and covalent bonding
intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction that exist between molecules e.g: van der waals, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding
van der waals forces weak attractive forces between molecules resulting from the formation of weak dipoles - only forces of attraction between nonpolar molecules
dipole-dipole forces forces of attractions between the negative pole of one polar molecule and the positive pole of another polar molecule
hydrogen bonds are dipole-dipole attractions between molecules in which hydrogen atoms are bonded to either nitrogen, oxygen, flourine
Created by: MuireannD
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