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Metaplasia is an irreversible process (True or False )
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Cellular hypertrophy is an increase in cell number (True or False )
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Patho I CNM
Pathophysiology 1 CNM Final Exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metaplasia is an irreversible process (True or False ) | False |
| Cellular hypertrophy is an increase in cell number (True or False ) | False |
| Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death associated with cell membrane rupture and inflammation (True or False ) | False |
| Gangrene is a term applied to large areas of necrotic tissue (True or False ) | True |
| Some resident microorganism help prevent infection (True or False ) | True |
| Opportunistic infections are more likely to occur in immune compromised hosts (True or False ) | True |
| Opportunistic infection occur when: | Resident flora cause infectious disease |
| Hydropic swelling results from: | Na+/K+ pump dysfunction |
| An increase in cardiac size and function due to increased workload is termed: | Hypertrophy |
| Which of the following is not a reversible cellular adaptation? | Necrosis |
| Coagulative necrosis: | Can result from interrupted blood supply |
| Apoptosis is a process that result in: | Cellular death |
| Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces what type of necrosis? | liquefactive |
| Glandular tissue normally responds to increased functional demand by: | Hyperplasia |
| Which of the following cellular response is indicative of injury due to faulty metabolism? | Intracellular accumulations |
| A high serum lactate level (lactic acidosis) usually indicates the presence of: | Cellular hypoxia |
| Metaplasia is: | The replacement of one differentiated cell type with another |
| Which of the following cellular changes is considered to be pre-cancerous? | dysplasia |
| Ischemic death of tissue in visceral organs, such as heart, typically produces: | Caseous necrosis |
| All of the following are potentially reversible cellular response except: | Necrosis |
| Viruses must gain entry into cells before they can replicate? (True or False) | True |
| Most bacteria must gain entry into host cells to live? (True or False) | False |
| Viruses contain DNA or RNA? (True or False) | True |
| The macrophage has little importance in immune function other than its role in phagocytosis (True or False) | False |
| T lymphocytes are activated primarily by free viruses (True or False) | False |
| Cytotoxic lymphocytes are activated by recognition and binding of antigen in association with MHC II protein (True or False) | False |
| For helper T cells to bind a foreign antigen, the antigen must first be processed by an antigen-presenting cell (True or False) | True |
| MHC I are presented on the surface of all nucleated cells; MHC II are present on the surface of special APCs (True or False) | True |
| In general, aging tissues are less capable of: | Regeneration |
| An increase in neutrophils most commonly occurs with which type of infection? | Bacterial |
| The transmission of infectious diseases requires a supply of organisms that are maintained in a: | Reservoir |
| Which of the following cell types does not evolve from the myelocytic pathway? | NK cells |
| Inflammation is said to be non-specific because: | The inflammatory reaction is similar regardless of cause |
| All of the following terms may be used to describe bacteria except: | virion |
| APC's function to: | Display foreign antigen on their surface in association with MHC II |
| The mononuclear phagocyte system consists of: | Monocytes and Macrophages |
| All of the following terms may be used to deccribe fungi except: | Helminth |
| Activation of the complement cascade results in: | Inflammation |
| All of the following conditions would increase the risk of infection except: | Low urine pH |
| The membrane attack complex formed by complement is similar in sturcture and function to: | perforin |
| Epidemics occur when diseases spread beyond contenental boundaries (True or False) | False |
| Ischemia always leads to tissue hypoxia (True or False) | True |
| Apoptosis leads to irreversible cellular injury (True or False) | True |
| Cellular Accumulation of water occurs with Na+/K+ pump dysfunction (True or False) | True |
| The site at which a pathogen enters an organism dictates where infection will occur (True or False) | False |
| A type II hypersensitivity reaction occurs when red blood cells are lysed after an incompatible blood transfusion (True or False) | True |
| IgE is present in mucous secretions and protects against infection by pathogens (True or False) | False |
| MHC I antigens are present on the surface of all nucleaded cells (True or False) | True |
| The organism responsible for syphilis is Treponema pallidum (True or False) | True |
| Cytotoxic lymphocytes are activated by recognition and binding of antigen in association with MHC II proteins (True or False) | False |
| Type I hypersenitivity reaction may progress to acquired anaphylaxis? (True or False) | True |
| Receiving a vaccination would be passive, artifically acquired immunity (True or False) | False |
| Contact sensitivity, such as following posion ivy exposure, would be a type III hypsensitivity reaction (True or False) | False |
| IgA deficiency, A B cell disorder, leaves a patient prone to repiratory infections (True or False) | True |
| Syphilis is communicable during the pirmary,secondary, and early latency periods (True or False) | True |
| Which of the following cell responses has the greatest potential to process into cancer? | Dyplasia |
| Which of the following statements is correct? | Commensal flora can be beneficial to their host |
| Which of the following disorders is associated with a type III hypersensitivity mechanism of injury? | Systemic lupus erythemastosus |
| Which of the following is (are) causes of hypoxia? | Ischemia |
| What are the "self" components that the immune system uses to distinguish self from non-self? | MHC |
| A child with a recent history of strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely to be a... | Type III hypersensitivity |
| Metaplasia is: | The replacement of one differentiated cell type with another |
| If one kidney is removed, the other kidney undergoes _______ and enlarges to compensate for the losss | Compensatory hyperplasia |
| A high serum lactate level (lactic acidosis) usually indicates the presence of: | Cellular hypoxia |
| Which of the following STD's is characterized by benigh epithelial tumors of the anogenital region? | Condylomata accuminata |
| An increase in neutrophils most commonly occurs with which type of infection? | Bacterial |
| Denervation of the lower extremities following a spinal cord injury will result in: | skeletal muscle atrophy |
| Which of the following is not true for chancroid? | The disease is not communicable while lesions are present |
| If an organism is endemic to a population,it is: | Stable in both its incidence and prevalence |
| Differentiation of T lymphocytes into mature T cells occurs in the: | Thymus |
| The membrane attach complex formed by complement is similar in structure and function to: | Perforin |
| All of the following conditions would increase the risk of infection except: | Low urine Ph |
| Autoimmune diseases... | Result from failure of the immune system to differenciate self and non-self molecules |
| When non-mitotic tissues are exposed to increased workloads, they may adapt through... | Hypertrophy |
| Which type of lymphocyte plays the greatest role in the development of humoral immunity? | B cell |
| which type of radiation is the most damaging to the bodies tissues? | Ionizing |
| Opportunistic infection are: | Infections involving usually harmless microorganism that develop in a person who is immunocompromised. |
| Narcrotic death of brain tissue usually produces... | Liquefactive necrosis |
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