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US History Unit 03
American Revolution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Navigation Acts | laws that required the colonists to only trade using British ships, controlled who the colonists could sell to and buy from, and controlled what the colonists could sell and buy |
| King George III | King of England during the American Revolution; sent British soldiers to stop the American Revolution |
| Quartering Act | colonists were forced to let British soldiers live in their homes |
| Sugar Act | incresed taxes on sugar and molasses |
| Stamp Act | required a tax on official legal documents, newspapers, and other paper products |
| Sons of Liberty | secret organization of men in the 13 colonies that fought British taxes and oppression, founded by Samuel Adams and John Hancock |
| Daughters of Liberty | secret organization of women in the 13 colonies that protested British taxes and supported the American colonies' fight for independence by making things in the colonies so they could boycott British goods |
| Townshend Acts | increased taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, tea |
| Samuel Adams | founded Sons of Liberty, organized the Boston Tea Party, fought against British taxes and oppression |
| Redcoats | nickname for the British soldiers because they wore red jackets as part of their uniforms |
| Boston Massacre | violent confrontation in Boston in 1770 between the British soldiers and some colonists; five colonists were killed by British soldiers |
| Tea Act | law passed to help the British East India Company; it made their tea cheaper than smuggled tea, but it was still taxed |
| Boston Tea Party | protest by the colonists on the tea tax; colonists snuck onto ships in Boston Harbor and dumped boxes of British East India Company tea into the water |
| Militia | groups of local colonists who joined together to fight against the British armies |
| Minutemen | members of New England militias trained to defend the colonists against the British armies; known for being ready at a minute's notice |
| Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts | four laws passed after the Boston Tea party to punish the colonists |
| First Continental Congress | colonial leaders who got together and issues a petition to King George III asking him to repeal the Intolerable Acts and respect the colonists' rights of representation |
| Battles of Lexington and Concord | brief fire fights between the colonial militias and the British armies in Lexington, Massachusetts, and then in Concord, Massachusetts; the "shot heard 'round the world"; known as the start of the American Revolution fighting |
| Loyalist | Colonists who supported the British king and did not want independence |
| Patriot | Colonist who supported independence from the British King |
| Continental Army | Army of colonial patriots fighting against the British; led by George Washington |
| Battle of Bunker Hill | first official battle of the American Revolution foughn between the British Army and New England soldiers; British won, but suffered heavy losses, which boosted Patriots' morale |
| Thomas Paine | writer of Common Sense, which explained to the colonists that King George and Parliament were both to blame for the unpopular acts, and the only option is declaring independence; writer of The American Crisis, which encouraged soldiers to keep fighting even when it got hard |
| Thomas Jefferson | wrote the Declaration of Independence |
| Declaration of Independence | delcared that the colonies were independent, not part of Great Britain; adopted on July 4, 1776 (why we celebrate the 4th of July) |
| Unalienable Rights | rights that are guaranteed for everyone; includes life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness |
| George Washington | leader of the Continental Army |
| Marquis de Lafayette | French military officer who joined and led the Continental Army; donated weapons, uniforms, and got France to send more |
| Treaty of Paris of 1783 | ended the American Revolution, recognized the United States as independent |
| Proclamation of 1763 | ended the French and Indian War, put new taxes in place for the colonists, made it illegal for the colonists to live west of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Battle of Saratoga | battle that convinced the French to join the colonists' side in the American Revolution |
| Valley Forge | where the Continental Army stayed during the winter of 1777-1778 and faced extremely harsh conditions |
| Battle of Yorktown | last major battle of the American Revolution |
| Baron von Steuben | Prussian military officer who joined and led the Continental Army; helped the colonial army survive Valley Forge; trained the colonial soldiers in fighting tactics and basic hygiene that helped them become an impressive fighting force |
| French and Indian War | war fought between the British and the French in the Americas; British won, and then increased taxes on the colonists to pay for the war |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
karaangelos