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Biotech Terms

TermDefinition
Actinides any of the series of fifteen metallic elements from actinium (atomic number 89) to lawrencium (atomic number 103) in the periodic table. They are all radioactive,
Alkali metal highly reactive metals of the group 1A: lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium
Alkaline earth metal any of the strongly basic metals in group 2A comprising beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium
Aqueous A solution in which water is the dissolving medium or solvent.
Atomic Number The consecutive whole numbers associated with the elements on the periodic table. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the atomic nucleus of an element.
Atomic mass The mass of a single atom of an element.
Chemical formula A combination of element symbols and numbers representing the composition of a chemical compound.
Chemical symbol The consecutive whole numbers associated with the elements on the periodic table. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the atomic nucleus of an element.
Compound A pure substance that is a chemical combination of two or more elements in a specific ratio.
Density the mass of a substance per unit volume
Element A unique substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances through physical or chemical processes. Elements serve as the building materials of all matter.
Halogen any of the five elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine located in Group 7A
Lanthanides one of a group of 15 elements that have atomic numbers 57 to 71.
Main group elements Elements are the elements located in eight specific columns on the periodic table. Elements found in column numbers, or groups, 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A.
Mass A measure of the quantity of matter in an object.
Matter Anything that has substance and takes up space; anything that has mass and volume.
Metal An element that is generally shiny and malleable and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. Metals are located to the left of the stairstep line on the periodic table.
Metalloid a chemical element intermediate in properties between the typical metals and nonmetals
Noble gas any of a group of gases in Group 8A that include helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon and that exhibit great stability and extremely low reaction rates
Nonmetal An element that does not exhibit metallic properties. Nonmetals are often gases or brittle solids at room temperature. Nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electricity and are located to the right of the stair-step line on the periodic table.
Phase The physical form of matter such as the solid, liquid, or gaseous state.
Reactivity impulse for which a chemical substance undergoes a chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials,
Transition elements any of the set of metallic elements occupying a central block (Groups IVB–VIII, IB, and IIB, or 4–12) in the periodic table, e.g., iron, manganese, chromium, and copper.
Proton A positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron A particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom and does not have an electric charge.
Electron An elementary particle with a negative charge that is located outside of the nucleus of an atom.
Nucleus The dense, positively charged structure composed of protons and neutrons that is found in the center of an atom.
Atom The smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element and can exist as a separate particle.
Restriction Enzyme any of various enzymes that recognize restriction sites to cut the DNA at that site
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis A technique used to separate molecules by size and charge
DNA Band When ran out on gel electrophoresis, these are the rectangles that contain the same size of DNA fragment
DNA Fingerprinting a laboratory technique used to determine the probable identity of a person based on the DNA sequences of human DNA that are unique to individuals.
DNA any of various nucleic acids that are found especially in cell nuclei, are usually the molecular basis of heredity,
Group A vertical column on the periodic table, also called a family. Elements in a group have similar properties.
Period The elements in a horizontal row on the periodic table.
Created by: user-1903955
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