Protective Tube Housing

Must be less than 100 mR/hr (1mGy/hr) at a distance of 1 m from protective housing.

X-ray beam on must be positively and clearly indicated to the rad tech.

Source-to-Image Distance Indicator

Tape measure or lasers; must be accurate w/in 2% of indicated SID.

X-ray beam and light beam must coincide w/in 2% of SID

Positive-Beam Limitation

Automatic, light-localizer; must be accurate w/in 2% of SID.

Each tube s/be provided with a mechanism to ensure proper beam alignment.

Total filtration (inherent plus added) must be at least 2.5 mm Al when operated above 70 kVp.

Output radiation intensity s/be constant from one exposure to another. The variation in x-ray intensity s/not exceed 5%.

The maximum acceptable variation in linearity is 10% from on mA station to an adjacent mA station.

Mobile X-ray Imaging System

System must allow the operator to remain at least 2 m from the x-ray tube during exposure. Useful beam must be directed away from rad tech.

Fluoroscopic Source-to-Skin Distance

SSD must be no less than 38 cm on stationary fluoroscopes and not less than 30 cm on mobile fluoroscopes.

Fluoroscopic Primary Protective Barrier

Fluoroscopic IR serves as a primary protective barrier and must be 2 mm Pb equivalent.

Fluoroscopic Filtration

Filtration must be at least 2.5 mm Al equivalent.

Fluoroscopic Collimation

Must be adjusted so unexposed border is visible on the image monitor when the input phosphor is positioned 35 cm above tabletop and collimators are fully open.

Fluoroscopic Bucky Slot Cover

Bucky tray is moved to end of exam table, leaving an opening in the side of the table approx 5 cm wide at gonadal level. S/have at least .25 mm Pb equivalent.

Fluoroscopic Protective Curtain

Panel must be at least .25 mm Pb equivalent between fluoroscopist and patient.

Fluoroscopic Cumulative Timer

Timer that produces an audible signal after 5 mins. To make radiologist aware.

Fluoroscopic Dose Area Product

Intensity of x-ray beam at the tabletop s/not exceed 2.1 R/min for each mA of operation at 80 kVp. DAP is a quantity that reflects not only the dose but also the volume of tissue irradiated. This is expressed in R-cm2

Primary Protective Barrier

Any wall to which the useful beam can be directed

Secondary radiation when useful beam intercepts any object such as a patient.

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Bushong Ch38

Designing for Radiation Protection

Question	Answer
Protective Tube Housing	Must be less than 100 mR/hr (1mGy/hr) at a distance of 1 m from protective housing.
Control Panel	X-ray beam on must be positively and clearly indicated to the rad tech.
Source-to-Image Distance Indicator	Tape measure or lasers; must be accurate w/in 2% of indicated SID.
Collimation	X-ray beam and light beam must coincide w/in 2% of SID
Positive-Beam Limitation	Automatic, light-localizer; must be accurate w/in 2% of SID.
Beam Alignment	Each tube s/be provided with a mechanism to ensure proper beam alignment.
Filtration	Total filtration (inherent plus added) must be at least 2.5 mm Al when operated above 70 kVp.
Reproducibility	Output radiation intensity s/be constant from one exposure to another. The variation in x-ray intensity s/not exceed 5%.
Linearity	The maximum acceptable variation in linearity is 10% from on mA station to an adjacent mA station.
Mobile X-ray Imaging System	System must allow the operator to remain at least 2 m from the x-ray tube during exposure. Useful beam must be directed away from rad tech.
Fluoroscopic Source-to-Skin Distance	SSD must be no less than 38 cm on stationary fluoroscopes and not less than 30 cm on mobile fluoroscopes.
Fluoroscopic Primary Protective Barrier	Fluoroscopic IR serves as a primary protective barrier and must be 2 mm Pb equivalent.
Fluoroscopic Filtration	Filtration must be at least 2.5 mm Al equivalent.
Fluoroscopic Collimation	Must be adjusted so unexposed border is visible on the image monitor when the input phosphor is positioned 35 cm above tabletop and collimators are fully open.
Fluoroscopic Exposure Control	Should be the dead man type
Fluoroscopic Bucky Slot Cover	Bucky tray is moved to end of exam table, leaving an opening in the side of the table approx 5 cm wide at gonadal level. S/have at least .25 mm Pb equivalent.
Fluoroscopic Protective Curtain	Panel must be at least .25 mm Pb equivalent between fluoroscopist and patient.
Fluoroscopic Cumulative Timer	Timer that produces an audible signal after 5 mins. To make radiologist aware.
Fluoroscopic Dose Area Product	Intensity of x-ray beam at the tabletop s/not exceed 2.1 R/min for each mA of operation at 80 kVp. DAP is a quantity that reflects not only the dose but also the volume of tissue irradiated. This is expressed in R-cm2
Primary Protective Barrier	Any wall to which the useful beam can be directed
Scatter Radiation	Secondary radiation when useful beam intercepts any object such as a patient.

Created by: radtechstudent

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