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MAP
Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mechanical | the chewing and grinding of food into smaller pieces is an example of ___________________digestion |
| liver | produces bile |
| gall bladder, liver, and pancreas | These organs are considered secondary or accessory organs of the digestive system |
| small intestine | nutrients from digested food are absorbed in which digestive organ? |
| esophagus | the organ that pushes food down to the stomach |
| large intestine | as waste moves through the digestive system, the__________________absorbs water before storing waste in the rectum |
| rectum | This is a short tube a the end of the large intestine that stores solid waste |
| gall bladder | An organ that stores bile and releases it as needed into the small intestine to break down fat |
| anus | this is the opening at the end of the digestive system where solid waste comes out |
| pancreas | which secondary organ makes digestive juices and hormones like insulin? |
| chemical | enzymes in your saliva help break down food while chewing. This is called___________________ digestion |
| stomach | most chemical digestion takes place in which organ? |
| mouth | where does chemical digestin start? |
| pharynx | food passes through here when swallowing; the throat |
| salivary glands | theses release salivary amylase into mouth which helps break down carbs |
| epiglottis | small flap that covers the trachea whenswallwoing to prevent food from entering the lungs |
| stomach | this organ churns and mixes food, produces acid to kill pathogens and pepsin to diget proteins |
| appendix | this is a small sac found near the large intestines, it does not help with digestion |
| large intestines | this organ absorbs water from waste and good bacteria lives here to help maintain good digestive health |
| teeth and tongue | which parts of the mouth are responsible for mechanical digestion? |
| chyme | this is the "soupie" mixture in your stomach (food and stomach acid) |
| the small intestines | this is where the food goes after it leaves the stomach |
| large intestines | the appendix is attached to what organ in the digestive system? |
| mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, anus | what is the correct order that food follows from the beginning to the end of the digestive system when you eat |
| nutrients | what is a substance such as a fat, protein, or a carbohydrate that a living thing needs to survive |
| peristalsis | a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract |
| bloodstream | where do nutrients go after the small intestine has absorbed them? |
| small intestines | the jejunum is part of what structure? |
| pyloric sphincter | in order to exit the stomach, food must go through the_____________ |
| duodenum, jejunum, ileum | what are the 3 parts of the small intestines? |
| duodenum | what is the first part of the small intestines? |
| cecum | what is the first part of the large intestines? |
| esophageal or cardiac sphincter | which sphincter muscle keeps food in the stomach from going back into the esophagus? |
| rugae | what are the folds in the stomach that allow expansion called? |
| submucosa | which layer of the GI tract contains blood vessels and nerves |
| enamel | The hardest substance in the body? |
| ileocecal valve | what is the valve called where the small intestine joins with the large intestine? |
| appendicitis | RLQ pain, rebound tenderness, fever, nausea, and vomiting are symptoms of what condition? |
| chemical digestion | Process by which enzymes break down food into small molecules that the body can use |
| alimentary canal | the whole passage along which food passes through the body from mouth to anus. It includes the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. |
| saliva | The fluid released when the mouth waters that plays an important role in both mechanical and chemical digestion |
| salivary amylase | Enzyme in saliva that breaks down starch |
| Bolus | A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and mixed with saliva |
| crown | Visible part of the tooth |
| neck of tooth | where the crown and root meet |
| gingiva | gum tissue |
| periodontal ligament | Ligament that holds tooth in the socket |
| Dentin | calcified connective tissue, makes up the majority of the tooth |
| pulp cavity | contains blood vessels and nerves |
| root canal | the pulp-filled cavity in the root of a tooth |
| Jejunum (small intestine) | Function: absorption of carbohydrates and proteins |
| Duodenum (small intestine) | Section of the small intestine adjacent to the pyloric sphincter, digestion continues |
| maceration | food mixed with gastric juices |
| Segmentation | localized contraction of the small intestines to mix wfood with digestive juices |
| Peristalsis | Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system. |
| haustral churning | (shuffling) movement of the chyme back and forth within the haustra in the large intestine |
| Deglutition (swallowing) | to move from oral cavity to esophagus |
| Mastication | the process of chewing |
| fundus of stomach | The upper left portion of the stomach, which has a curved, dome-shaped appearance. |
| cirrhosis of the liver | A severe medical condition where scar tissue in the liver replaces functional tissue. |
| colorectal cancer | cancer of the colon and rectum |
| Gallstones | Small crystals that form from bile in the gallbladder. |
| Hepatitis A (acute) | Direct contact or by fecal-contaminated food or water |
| Hepatitis B virus | virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood |
| obesity | having an excess amount of body fat |
| ulcer | open sore or lesion in the skin or mucous membrane |
| irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) | periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usually associated with abdominal pain |
| Crohn's disease | a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon |
Created by:
carlingt