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Chem 101
Exam 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Crystalline solids | Have atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern. |
| Amorphous solids | Lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. |
| Ionic solids | Are composed of positive and negative ions that are held together by strong electrostatic attractions. Ex: NaCl, NiO2 |
| Metallic solids | Are formed by metal atoms. Ex: |
| Covalent-network solids | Have atoms that are held together by a network of covalent bonds. Ex: SiO2, C (diamond/graphite), BN |
| Molecular solids | Are held together by intermolecular forces. Ex: H2O, CO2 , H2 |
| Strong electrolytes | Are substances that 100% dissociate upon dissolving to produce ions. Ionic Compounds, Strong acids/bases (NaCl, SrBr2, HNO3, H2SO4) |
| Weak electrolytes | Are substances that only partially (~1 %) dissociate upon dissolving to produce ions Polar compounds (H2O, NH3) |
| Nonelectrolytes | Are substances that dissolve, but do not dissociate to yield ions Organic (C-H) compounds (C6H12O6, CH3OH) |
| Viscosity | Is of a liquid is the resistance to flow. |
| Surface tension | The energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid, or the force required to increase the length of a liquid surface by a given amount. |
| Adhesion | Is the attraction between the molecules of two different substances. |
| Cohesion | Is the attraction between the molecules or atoms of the same substance. |