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Neuro/Psych 5

Neurological and Psychiatric Disease 5

GenericBrandPharmacologic CategoryCommon IndicationsKey Side EffectsUS Boxed WarningsOther Notes
buspirone (PO) Buspar Antianxiety agent Anxiety dizziness, drowsiness, nausea
alprazolam (PO) Xanax Benzodiazepine Anxiety daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
clonazepam (PO) Klonopin Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
diazepam (PO, IV) Valium Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions
lorazepam (PO, IV) Ativan Benzodiazepine Anxiety, seizure disorders, acute alcohol withdrawal daytime sedation, performance impairment, tolerance, dependence, anterograde amnesia, withdrawal risk of profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma and death with opioids; risk of abuse, misuse, and addiction; risk of dependence and withdrawal reactions (IV): parenteral formulation contains propylene glycol and may be associated with toxicity if used ≥ 48 hours
midazolam (IV, IM) Versed Benzodiazepine Anesthesia, sedation hypotension, apnea, bradypnea risk: profound sedation, respiratory dep, coma, death w/ opioids or use in sedation in noncritical settings; risk: abuse, misuse, addiction; risk of dependence & withdrawal reactions; dose must be individualized; never give by rapid injection in neonates
zolpidem (PO) PO: Ambien, Ambien CR SL: Intermezzo Hypnotic Insomnia decreased ability to function the next morning, somnolence, headache, dizziness, xerostomia, anterograde amnesia serious injuries, including death, have occurred because of complex sleep behaviors (i.e., sleepwalking, sleep driving, and engaging in other activities while not fully awake); contraindicated in patients with history of complex sleep behaviors
propofol (IV) Diprivan Sedative, anticonvulsant Sedation for mechanical ventilation, procedural anesthesia, status epilepticus hypotension, hypertriglyceridemia, propofol-related infusion syndrome (rare)
dexmedetomidine (IV) Precedex Alpha2 agonist, sedative Sedation for mechanical ventilation or procedures bradycardia, hypotension
melatonin (PO) --- Sleep Aid Insomnia, jet lag drowsiness, daytime somnolence
Created by: Jimmy57J
 

 



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