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MAP
Respiratory System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| General Functions of the Respiratory System | 1. Brings oxygenated air to alveoli 2. Removes air containing carbon dioxide 3.Filters, warms, and humidifies the air 4. Helps with the sense of smell 5. Assists to regulate the pH within the blood |
| What are nares? | nostrils |
| Nasopharynx | region of the pharynx at the back of the nose and above the soft palate |
| Pharynx | throat; passageway for food to the esophagus and air to the larynx |
| oropharynx | the area directly posterior to the mouth |
| laryngopharynx | lower part of the pharynx, just below the oropharyngeal opening into the larynx and esophagus |
| larnyx | The voice box; located in the top part of the trachea, underneath the epiglottis. |
| glottis | space between the vocal folds |
| Epiglottis | a flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing |
| SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) | the sudden, unexpected death of an infant less than 1 year of age that has no identifiable cause |
| respiratory distress syndrome | a severe respiratory disease that is characterized by rapid respiratory failure |
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) | A virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages; can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the lungs or heart, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spread through droplets. |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected |
| cystic fibrosis | A genetic disorder that is present at birth and affects both the respiratory and digestive systems. |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
| Emphysema | a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness. |
| Influenza | flu virus |
| Lung Cancer | Cancer of the lung |
| pneumonia | An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the affected areas fill w/fluid |
| Trachea (windpipe) | passageway for air to the bronchi |
| Bronchi | two short branches located at the lower end of the trachea that carry air into the lungs. |
| Bronchioles | Airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli. |
| alveoli | tiny sacs of lung tissue specialized for the movement of gases between air and blood |
| alveolar ducts | Small passages connecting the respiratory bronchioles and the alveolar sacs. |
| thyroid cartilage | A firm prominence of cartilage that forms the upper part of the larynx; the Adam's apple. |
| cricoid cartilage | the ring-shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx |
| true vocal cords | inferior set, vibrates as air passes through to generate sound |
| false vocal cords | superior to the vocal folds; close glottis during swallowing; play no part in sound production |
| apex of the lung | uppermost portion of the lung |
| base of the lung | lower portion of the lung |
| Lungs | Left has 2 Lobes Right has 3 lobes |
| visceral pleura | the inner layer of pleura that surrounds each lung |
| parietal pleura | outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall |
| pleural cavity | contains the lungs |
| Tidal Volume (TV) | amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions |
| Vital Capacity (VC) | TV + IRV + ERV |
| Ventilation | breathing in and out |
| Right lungs lobes are called | superior, middle, inferior |
| Left lungs lobes are called | superior and inferior |
Created by:
carlingt