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AP Gov Pol Terms III
Kemp
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Agency representation | A theory of representation in which elected officials are perceived as agents who act on behalf of their constituents, reflecting their preferences and interests in policy making and governance. |
| Apportionment | The process of allocating seats in a legislative body, such as the United States House of Representatives, based on population, typically conducted after each census to ensure fair and proportional representation. |
| Appropriations | The process by which legislative bodies authorize the spending of public funds for specific purposes, typically outlined in annual budget bills that allocate funds to various government programs and agencies |
| Bicameral | A legislative body consisting of two separate chambers or houses, such as the Senate and the House of Representatives in the United States Congress. |
| Bill | A proposed piece of legislation introduced in a legislative body for consideration and debate, which, if passed, may become law after approval by the legislative body and, in most cases, the executive |
| Caucus (political) | A meeting of members of a political party or faction to discuss policy, strategy, and other matters of mutual concern, often held to coordinate actions and positions on legislative issues or electoral campaigns. |
| Cloture | A procedural mechanism used in legislative bodies, such as the United States Senate, to end debate and bring a vote on a bill or nomination, typically requiring a supermajority vote to override filibusters and other delaying tactics |
| Conference | A meeting between representatives of the House of Representatives and the Senate to reconcile differences between versions of a bill passed by each chamber, typically necessary when the two chambers pass different versions of the same legislation. |
| Conference Committees | Joint committees composed of members from both the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened to reconcile differences between the versions of a bill passed by each chamber and produce a single unified version for final approval. |
| Constituency | The body of constituents or voters represented by an elected official, typically defined by geographic boundaries such as a congressional district or state, whose interests and preferences the official is expected to represent and serve. |
| Filibuster | A tactic used in legislative bodies, such as the United States Senate, to delay or prevent a vote on a bill or nomination by engaging in prolonged debate or other obstructive actions, often requiring a supermajority vote to overcome. |
| Gerrymandering | The practice of manipulating the boundaries of electoral districts to favor one political party or group over another, often by drawing district lines to concentrate or dilute the voting power of specific demographics. |
| Impeachment | The process by which a legislative body formally charges a government official, such as the President of the United States, with committing "high crimes and misdemeanors," typically leading to a trial in the Senate to determine whether the official remove |
| Incumbency | holding an elected office, typically referring to an individual seeking reelection to the same office they currently hold, often providing advantages such as name recognition, access to resources, and a track record of accomplishments or experienc |
| Joint committees | Committees composed of members from both chambers of a bicameral legislative body, such as the United States Congress, established to address specific issues or areas of jurisdiction shared by both chambers. |
| Logrolling | The practice of trading favors or exchanging support on different issues between legislators, often involving reciprocal agreements to support each other's initiatives or prioritie |
| Majority Leader | The elected leader of the majority party in a legislative chamber, such as the United States Senate or House of Representatives, responsible for managing the legislative agenda, coordinating party members, and representing the majority party's interests |
| Minority Leader | The elected leader of the minority party in a legislative chamber, such as the United States Senate or House of Representatives, responsible for articulating the minority party's positions, organizing opposition to majority party initiatives |
| Oversight | The process by which legislative bodies, through committees and other mechanisms, monitor and scrutinize the actions and decisions of the executive branch and other governmental entities to ensure accountability, transparency, and adherence to laws |
| Party unity vote | A vote in which members of a political party vote together as a cohesive bloc, typically reflecting the positions and priorities of party leadership, often used as a measure of party discipline and cohesion within a legislative body |
| Patronage | The practice of rewarding political supporters, allies, or party loyalists with government appointments, jobs, contracts, or other benefits, often used by elected officials or party leaders to build and maintain political support and loyalty |
| Pork | Legislation that allocates government funds for specific projects or benefits targeted at a particular geographic area or constituency |
| Private bill | A legislative proposal introduced in a legislative body, such as the United States Congress, that addresses specific concerns or requests on behalf of an individual or a small group of constituents, rather than addressing matters of general public policy |
| Redistricting | The process of redrawing electoral district boundaries, typically conducted after each census to ensure that each district has roughly equal population size, often subject to political manipulation to favor one party or group over another |
| Roll-call vote | A method of voting in a legislative body in which each member's vote is recorded individually, typically by calling out members' names or using an electronic voting system, allowing for transparency and accountability in the voting process |
| Select committees | Committees established by a legislative body for a specific purpose or investigation, often temporary in nature and convened to address particular issues or areas of concern not covered by standing committees |
| Seniority | The principle or practice of granting privileges, such as committee assignments or leadership positions, based on the length of time served by a member of a legislative body, typically within a particular committee or chamber. |
| Sociological representation | A theory of representation that emphasizes the descriptive characteristics of representatives, such as their race, ethnicity, gender, or socioeconomic background, and the extent to which they reflect the demographic composition of their constituents |
| Speaker of the House | The presiding officer and leader of the United States House of Representatives, elected by members of the House majority party and responsible for overseeing legislative proceedings, maintaining order, and representing the House to the public |
| Standing committee | A permanent committee in a legislative body, such as the United States Congress, responsible for reviewing and considering proposed legislation within a specific policy area or jurisdiction, conducting oversight of government agencies |
| Term Limits | Le gal restrictions on the number of terms or consecutive years an individual can hold a particular elected office |
| Whip | A member of a political party's leadership in a legislative body, responsible for coordinating party strategy, mobilizing party members to vote on key issues, and ensuring party discipline and unity, often by tracking votes, counting supporters |
Created by:
MCinque