adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

compound used by cells to store and release energy

organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer

organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer

process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms

fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids

carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules

light-dependent reactions

set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

light-independent reactions

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars; also called the Calvin cycle

cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids

electron transport chain

series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions

cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it

light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such a as sugar

saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts

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Bio. Ch. 8

Term	Definition
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)	compound used by cells to store and release energy
heterotroph	organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer
autotroph	organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
photosynthesis	process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
pigment	light-absorbing molecule used by plants to gather the sun's energy
chlorophyll	principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms
stroma	fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
NADP+	carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules
light-dependent reactions	set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
light-independent reactions	set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars; also called the Calvin cycle
photosystem	cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids
electron transport chain	series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
ATP synthase	cluster of proteins that span the cell membrane and allow hydrogen ions (H+) to pass through it
Calvin cycle	light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such a as sugar
thylakoid	saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts

Created by: kuecke123

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