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AP ENGLISH LIT DEVI
AP english
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ambiguous | Can be interpreted with more than one meaning. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same sound at the beginning of a word. Repetition of consonant words. |
| Diction | Word choice; the quality of the sound of a speaker or singer. |
| Colloquialism | Can relate to words, expressions or phrases that aren’t used in most formal written speech, though this can vary. They may also be called slang terms, though they aren’t necessarily slang in a negative sense. |
| Emphasis | Stress laid on particular words, by means of position, repetition, or other indication. |
| Connotation | The extra tinge or taint of meaning each word carries beyond the minimal, strict definition found in a dictionary. |
| Denotation | The minimal, strict definition of a word as found in a dictionary, disregarding any historical or emotional connotation |
| Euphemism | Is a polite word or phrase, which is used to describe a controversial or indiscreet activity. |
| Jargon | The language of a particular group or profession. |
| Cliche | A phrase, expression or idea that has been overworked. Something that is trite, stereotyped or hackneyed. |
| Figurative | Changes the literal meaning, to make a meaning fresh or clearer, to express complexity, to capture a physical or sensory effect, or to extend meaning. |
| Literal | Means exactly what it says. |
| Metaphorical | A term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in order to suggest a resemblance. |
| Hyperbole | Exaggeration; overstatement |
| Redundant | Writing flaw in which unnecessary wording is used. |
| Formal | Refers to the language used by educated people when writing scholarly articles or are engaged in some form of elevated discourse. Formal diction consists of sophisticated, often technical, language. |
| Informal | Refers to the language of educated people as they engage in every day conversation. |
| Standard | Has no regional limitations, but it instead appears across a wide geographic area. |
| Verbose | Using or containing a great and usually an excessive number of words; wordy. |
| Onomatopoeia | A word whose sounds seem to duplicate the sounds they describe--hiss, buzz, bang, murmur, meow, growl |
| Vivid | The quality of having "lively" colors or of an imaging system having a wide color space |
| Vernacular | The everyday or common language of a geographic area or the native language of commoners in a country as opposed to a prestigious dead language maintained artificially in schools or in literary texts. |
| Prose | Any material that is not written in a regular meter like poetry |
| Paradoxical | A statement whose two parts seem contradictory yet make sense with more thought. |
| Plot | The story line or organization of incidents in a story consisting of episodes, conflicts, rising and falling action, climax, and resolution. |
| Exposition | Background information provided by the author to further the plot, conflict, setting, and characterization. |
| Initial Incident | is the incident leading to the rising action. |
| Conflict | Opposition between characters or forces in a work of drama or fiction, especially opposition that motivates or shapes the action of the plot. |
| Rising Action | Events preceding the climax. Background information is given, conflicts are introduced, and suspense is built up. |
| Crisis | A point in a story or drama when a conflict reaches its highest tension and must be resolved. |
| Climax | High point in the story |
| Resolution | happens at the end of the story when the problem is resolved. |
| Flashback | An interruption in the continuity of a story, play, film, etc. by the narration or portrayal of some earlier episode. |
| Interior Monologue | A type of stream of consciousness in which the author depicts the interior thoughts of a single individual in the same order these thoughts occur inside that character's head. |
| Parody | Imitates the serious manner and characteristic features of a particular literary work in order to make fun of those same features.. |
| Pun | The humorous use of a word or phrase so as to emphasize or suggest its different meanings or applications, or the use of words that are alike or nearly alike in sound but different in meaning; a play on words. |
| Foreshadow | Suggesting, hinting, indicating, or showing what will occur later in a narrative. |
| Irony | A technique of indicating, as through character or plot development, an intention or attitude opposite to that which is actually or ostensibly stated. |
| Extended Metaphor | A metaphor that is extended through a stanza or entire poem, often by multiple comparisons of unlike objects or ideas. |
| Analogy | That you start with a subject (an event, person, or object) and then show the causes (reasons) for it, and/or the effects (results) of it. |
| Satire | A literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule. |
| Allusion | Is a reference to, or representation of, a place, event, literary work, myth, or work of art, either directly or by implication. |
| Commentary | A series of notes explaining or interpreting a written text |
| Cause and Effect | Noting a relationship between actions or events such that one or more are the result of the other or others. |
| Description | Is present in all strong writing because it provides the significant details which explain ideas. |
| Classification | means that a subject--a person, place, event, or object--is identified and broken into parts and sub-parts. |
| Comparison/Contrast | are methods of organizing and developing ideas. how subjects are alike and/or different. |
| Chronological | Arranged in the order of time. |
| Order of Importance | A method of organizing a paper according to the relative significance of the subtopics. |
| Argumentative | an educated guess or opinion, not a simple fact. It is something debatable. |
| Persuasive | Intended to persuade, influential, convincing, inducing |
| Expository | Of the nature of exposition; serving to expound, set forth, or explain |
| Assertion | A positive statement or declaration, often without support or reason. |
| Thesis | Is a central idea of an essay. The thesis is a complete sentence (although sometimes it may require more than one sentence) that establishes the topic of the essay in clear, unambiguous language |
| Claim | To assert or maintain as a fact. to say, without proof or evidence, that something is true. |
| Summary | A comprehensive and usually brief abstract, recapitulation, or compendium of previously stated facts or statements. |
| Deductive | Are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises |
| Inductive | Is the process of reasoning in which the premises of an argument are believed to support the conclusion but do not entail it; i.e. they do not ensure its truth. |
| Premise | Is a past statement from which another is inferred |
| Faulty Assumption | mistaken assumption, incorrect supposition |
| Rebuttal | Opposing argument |
| Flat | Character in story who has only one prominent trait, such as greed or cruelty. Not fully developed, one dimensional, the reader does not know much about them |
| Round | Is one whose personality, background, motives, and other features are fully delineated. Fully developed, two dimensional, the reader knows quite a bit about them |
| Character Foil | A character who behavior, attitudes, and opinions contrast with those of the protagonist. |
| Contrasting Characters | Are almost opposite one another, making the characteristics of each very obvious. |
| Dynamic | Undergoes an important internal change, and a static character remains unchanged. |
| Static | Remain the same throughout the story |
| Protagonist | The leading character, hero, or heroine of a drama or other literary work. |
| Antagonist | A major character in a book, play, or movie whose values or behavior are in conflict with those of the protagonist or hero. |