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Greek to GCSE
GCSE Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν | good |
| ἀγγέλλω, ἀγγελῶ, ἤγγειλα, ἠγγέλθην | I announce |
| ἄγγελος, ἀγγέλου, ὁ | messenger |
| ἀγορά, ἀγορᾶς, ἡ | market-place |
| ἀγρός, ἀγροῦ, ὁ | field, countryside |
| ἄγω, ἄξω, ἤγαγον, ἤχθην | I lead, bring |
| ἀγών, ἀγῶνος, ὁ | contest, trial |
| ἀδικέω | I do wrong, injure |
| ἄδικος, ἄδικος, ἄδικον | unjust, wrong |
| ἀεί | always |
| Аθῆναι, ᾿Аθηνῶν, αἱ | Athens |
| Аθηναῖοι, ᾿Аθηναίων, οἱ | the Athenians |
| Аθηναῖος, ᾿Аθηναῖα, ᾿Аθηναῖον | Athenian |
| ἆθλον, ἄθλου, τό | prize, reward |
| αἱρέω, αἱρήσω, εἷλον, ᾑρέθην | I take |
| αἰσθάνομαι, αἰσθήσομαι, ᾐσθόμην | I notice, perceive |
| αἰσχρός, αἰσχρά, αἰσχρόν | shameful, ugly, disgraceful |
| αἰτέω | I ask, ask for |
| αἴτιος, αἰτία, αἴτιον + gen | responsible for, guilty of |
| αἰχμάλωτος, αἰχμαλώτου, ὁ | prisoner (of war) |
| ἀκούω, ἀκούσομαι, ἤκουσα, ἠκούσθην | I hear, listen |
| ἀληθής, ἀληθής, ἀληθές | true |
| ἀλλά | but |
| ἄλλος, ἄλλη, ἄλλο | other, another |
| ἄν | [in conditional sentence, makes aorist verb mean ‘would have …’] |
| ἀνά + acc | up |
| ἀναγκάζω, ἀναγκάσω, ἠνάγκασα, ἠναγκάσθην | I force, compel |
| ἀναχωρέω | I retreat, withdraw |
| ἀνδρεῖος, ἀνδρεία, ἀνδρεῖον | brave, manly |
| ἄνεμος, ἀνέμου, ὁ | wind |
| ἄνευ + gen | without |
| ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ | man, husband |
| ἄνθρωπος, ἀνθρώπου, ὁ | man, person |
| ἄξιος, ἀξία, ἄξιον + gen | worthy of, deserving |
| ἀπό + gen | from, away from |
| ἀποθνῄσκω, ἀποθανοῦμαι, ἀπέθανον | I die, am killed |
| ἀποκρίνομαι, ἀποκρινοῦμαι, ἀπεκρινάμην | I reply, answer |
| ἀποκτείνω, ἀποκτενῶ, ἀπέκτεινα | I kill |
| ἆρα; | [introduces a question] |
| ἄρχή, ἀρχῆς, ἡ | beginning, rule, power, empire |
| ἄρχω + gen | I rule |
| ἄρχομαι + gen | I begin |
| ἄρχων, ἄρχοντος , ὁ | ruler, magistrate |
| ἀσθενής, ἀσθενής, ἀσθενές | weak |
| ἀσπίς, ἀσπίδος, ἡ | shield |
| ἀσφαλής, ἀσφαλής, ἀσφαλές | safe |
| αὖθις | again, in turn |
| αὐτος, αὐτή, αὐτό | self, himself, herself, itself (emphatic) |
| ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό | the same |
| αὐτόν, αὐτήν, αὐτό (acc/gen/dat only – also plural) | him, her, it, them |
| ἀφικνέομαι, ἀφίξομαι, ἀφικόμην | I arrive |
| Here is the list with "#" between the Greek and English: | I cry, weep |
| but, and | |
| ἰατρός, ἰατροῦ, ὁ | doctor |
| ἰέναι (cf. εἶμι) | to go |
| ἱερόν, ἱεροῦ, τό | temple |
| ἱερός, ἱερά, ἱερόν | sacred, holy |
| ἵνα + subj or opt | in order that, in order to |
| ἱππεύς, ἱππέως, ὁ | cavalryman, in plural (the) cavalry |
| ἵππος, ἵππου, ὁ | horse |
| ἰσχυρός, ἰσχυρά, ἰσχυρόν | strong |
| ἰών, ἰοῦσα, ἰόν (cf. εἶμι) | going |
| καθεύδω | I sleep |
| καθίζω, καθιῶ, ἐκάθισα | I (make to) sit down |
| καί | and, also, even, too |
| καίπερ + participle | although |
| καίω, καύσω, ἔκαυσα, ἐκαύθην | I burn, set on fire |
| κακός, κακή, κακόν | bad, wicked, cowardly |
| καλέω, καλῶ, ἐκάλεσα, ἐκλήθην | I call, summon |
| καλός, καλή, καλόν | beautiful, handsome, fine |
| κατά + acc | according to, by, down, along |
| κατὰ γῆν | by land |
| κατὰ θάλασσαν | by sea |
| κατά + gen | down, down from |
| κελεύω | I order |
| κεφαλή, κεφαλῆς, ἡ | head |
| κίνδυνος, κινδύνου, ὁ | danger |
| κλέπτω, κλέψω, ἔκλεψα, ἐκλάπην | I steal |
| κολάζω | I punish |
| κόπτω, κόψω, ἔκοψα | I cut (down) |
| κρύπτω | I hide (something) |
| κρύπτομαι | I hide (myself) |
| κτάομαι, κτήσομαι, ἐκτησάμην | I obtain, get |
| κωλύω + infin | I hinder, prevent (someone from doing) |
| λάθρᾳ | in secret, secretly |
| Λακεδαιμόνιοι, Λακεδαιμονίων, οἱ | the Spartans |
| λαμβάνω, λήψομαι, ἔλαβον, ἐλήφθην | I take, capture |
| λέγω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον, ἐρρήθην | I say, speak, tell |
| λείπω, λείψω, ἔλιπον, ἐλείφθην | I leave (behind) |
| λίθος, λίθου, ὁ | stone |
| λιμήν, λιμένος, ὁ | harbour |
| λόγος, λόγου, ὁ | word, speech, argument, story, account, reason |
| λύω | I loose, untie, set free |
| μάλιστα | most, very much, especially |
| μᾶλλον | more |
| μανθάνω, μαθήσομαι, ἔμαθον | I learn, understand |
| μάχη, μάχης, ἡ | battle, fight |
| μάχομαι, μαχοῦμαι, ἐμαχεσάμην | I fight |
| μέγας, μεγάλη, μέγα | big, great |
| μέλλω, μελλήσω, ἐμέλλησα + fut infin | I intend, am going to, hesitate |
| … μέν … δέ | [marks a contrast] |
| μέντοι | however |
| μένω, μενῶ, ἔμεινα | I wait, remain |
| μετά + acc | after |
| μετά + gen | with |
| μή | not |
| μηδείς, μηδεμία, μηδέν | no-one, nothing, no |
| μηδέποτε | never |
| μήτε … μήτε … | neither … nor … |
| μήτηρ, μητρός, ἡ | mother |
| μικρός, μικρά, μικρόν | little, small |
| μισέω | I hate |
| μόνος, μόνη, μόνον | alone, only |
| μόνον | only |
| μῦθος, μύθου, ὁ | story |
| μῶρος, μώρα, μῶρον | foolish, stupid |
| ναῦς, νεώς, ἡ | ship, warship |
| ναύτης, ναύτου, ὁ | sailor |
| ναυτικόν, ναυτικοῦ, τό | fleet |
| νεανίας, νεανίου, ὁ | young man |
| νεκρός, νεκροῦ, ὁ | corpse |
| νέος, νέα, νέον | new, young, recent |
| νῆσος, νήσου, ἡ | island |
| νικάω | I win, conquer |
| νίκη, νίκης, ἡ | victory |
| νομίζω, νομιῶ, ἐνόμισα | I think, consider, believe |
| νόμος, νόμου, ὁ | law, custom |
| νόσος, νόσου, ἡ | disease, illness |
| νῦν | now |
| νύξ, νυκτός, ἡ | night |
| ξένος, ξένου, ὁ | stranger, foreigner, host, guest, friend |
| ξίφος, ξίφους, τό | sword |
| ὁ, ἡ, τό | the |
| ὅδε, ἥδε, τόδε | this |
| ὁδός, ὁδοῦ, ἡ | road, path, way, journey |
| οἶδα | I know (present, participle and infinitive only) |
| οἰκέω | I live (in), inhabit, dwell |
| οἰκία, οἰκίας, ἡ | house, home |
| οἶνος, οἴνου, ὁ | wine |
| οἷος τ᾿ εἰμί | I am able, can |
| ὀκτώ | eight |
| ὀλίγος, ὀλίγη, ὀλίγον | little |
| ὀλίγοι, ὀλίγαι, ὀλίγα | few |
| ὄνομα, ὀνόματος, τό | name |
| ὅπλα, ὅπλων, τά | weapons, arms, armour |
| ὁράω, ὄψομαι, εἶδον, ὤφθην | I see |
| ὀργίζομαι, ὀργιοῦμαι, ὠργίσθην + dat | I grow angry (with) |
| ὄρος, ὄρους, τό | mountain, hill |
| ὅς, ἥ, ὅ | who, which |
| ὅτι | that |
| οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ | not |
| οὐδείς, οὐδεμία, οὐδέν | no-one, nothing, no |
| οὐδέποτε | never |
| οὔτε … οὔτε | neither … nor … |
| οὖν | therefore, and so |
| οὐρανός, οὐρανοῦ, ὁ | sky, heaven |
| οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο | this |
| οὕτω(ς) | so, in this way |
| παῖς, παιδός, ὁ and ἡ | child, son, daughter, boy, girl |
| πάλαι | long ago, in the past, formerly |
| παρά + acc | contrary to, along, to |
| παρά + gen | from (a person) |
| παρασκευάζω | I prepare |
| παρέχω | I provide, cause |
| πάς, πάσα, πᾶν | all, every |
| πάσχω, πέπραχα (pf. only) | I suffer |
| πέμπω, πέμψω, ἔπεμψα, ἐπέμφθην | I send |
| πέντε | five |
| πόλεμος, πολέμου, ὁ | war |
| πολλάκις | often |
| πολλός, πολλή, πολλόν | much, many |
| πός, πόδος, ὁ | foot |
| πόταμος, ποταμοῦ, ὁ | river |
| πράττω | I do, act, fare |
| πρίν + infin | before |
| πρῶτος, πρώτη, πρῶτον | first |
| πύλη, πυλῆς, ἡ | gate |
| πῦρ, πυρός, τό | fire |
| πῶς | how |
| ῥᾴδιος, ῥᾳδία, ῤᾴδιον | easy |
| σιγή, σιγῆς, ἡ | silence |
| σῖτος, σίτου, ὁ | food, corn, bread |
| σοφός, σοφή, σοφόν | wise, clever |
| στρατηγός, στρατηγοῦ, ὁ | general, commander |
| στρατιά, στρατιᾶς, ἡ | army |
| στρατιώτης, στρατιώτου, ὁ | soldier |
| σύ | you |
| σός, σή, σόν | your |
| συλλέγω, συλλέξω, συνέλεξα | I collect, assemble |
| σύμμαχοι, συμμάχων, οἱ | allies |
| συμφορά, συμφορᾶς, ἡ | misfortune, disaster, event |
| σῴζω, σώσω, ἔσωσα, ἐσώθην | I save, keep, get away safely (passive) |
| σῶμα, σώματος, τό | body |
| ταχύς, ταχεῖα, ταχύ | fast, quick |
| … τε … καί | both … and |
| τεῖχος, τείχους, τό | wall |
| τέλος | end (adv. in the end), at last, finally |
| τέσσαρες, τέσσαρες, τέσσαρα | four |
| τέταρτος, τετάρτη, τέταρτον | fourth |
| τιμάω | I honour, respect |
| τίμη, τιμῆς, ἡ | honour |
| τις, τι | a certain, someone, something |
| τίς; τί; | who? what? which? |
| τοιοῦτος, τοιαύτη, τοιοῦτο | such |
| τόπος, τόπου, ὁ | place |
| τοσοῦτος, τοσαύτη, τοσοῦτο | so great |
| τοσοῦτοι, τοσαῦται, τοσαῦτα | so many |
| τότε | then, at that time |
| τρεῖς, τρεῖς, τρία | three |
| τρέχω, δραμοῦμαι, ἔδραμον | I run |
| τρίτος, τρίτη, τρίτον | third |
| τύχη, τύχης, ἡ | chance, luck, fortune (good or bad) |
| ὕδωρ, ὕδατος, τό | water |
| υἱός, υἱοῦ, ὁ | son |
| ὕλη, ὕλης, ἡ | wood, forest |
| ὑμεῖς, ὑμῶν | you (plural) |
| ὑμέτερος, ὑμετέρα, ὑμέτερον | your |
| ὑπέρ + gen | on behalf of |
| ὑπισχνέομαι, ὑποσχήσομαι, ὑπεσχόμην | I promise |
| ὕπνος, ὕπνου, ὁ | sleep |
| ὑπό + gen | by (with the agent of passive verbs) |
| ὕστερον | later |
| ὑψηλός, ὑψηλή, ὑψηλόν | high |
| φαίνομαι, φανοῦμαι, ἐφάνην | I seem, appear |
| φέρω, οἴσω, ἤνεγκα, ἠνέχθην | I carry, bear, endure |
| φεύγω, φεύξομαι, ἔφυγον | I run away, flee, am accused, am banished |
| φημί, φήσω, ἔφην | I say |
| φιλέω | I love, like, am accustomed |
| φίλη, φίλης, ἡ | (female) friend |
| φίλος, φίλου, ὁ | (male) friend |
| φοβέομαι, φοβήσομαι, ἐφοβήθην | I am afraid, fear |
| φόβος, φόβου, ὁ | fear |
| φονεύω | I murder, kill |
| φύλαξ, φύλακος, ὁ | guard |
| φυλάσσω | I guard |
| φωνή, φωνῆς, ἡ | voice |
| χαλεπός, χαλεπή, χαλεπόν | difficult, dangerous, harsh |
| χειμών, χειμῶνος, ὁ | storm, winter |
| χείρ, χειρός, ἡ | hand |
| χράομαι, χρήσομαι, ἐχρησάμην + dat | I use, treat |
| χρή (with acc + infin) | it is necessary |
| χρήματα, χρημάτων, τά | money, goods, property |
| χρήσιμος, χρησίμη, χρήσιμον | useful |
| χρόνος, χρόνου, ὁ | time |
| χρυσός, χρυσοῦ, ὁ | gold |
| χώρα, χώρας, ἡ | country, land |
| ὦ | o … (addressing someone) |
| ὡς | when, as, because |
| ὡς τάχιστα | as quickly (etc) as possible |
| ὥστε | that, so that, with the result that |
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