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BIO

DNA

QuestionAnswer
Nucleotide made up of a sugar, phosphate and nitrogenous base (A, T, C or G), in RNA (A, U, G, C)
DNA double helix, made of nucleotides, stores genetic information
RNA Single strand composed of nucleotides, sugar is ribose
Codon A sequence of 3 nucleotides that specify for a specific amino acid
Ribosome site of protein synthesis
Transcription DNA instructions are copied to RNA using RNA polymerase
Translation process where mRNA is read by the ribosome creating a polypeptide chain
amino acid building blocks of protein
gene expression genes are turned on or off by the cell
mRNA messenger RNA, carries genetic information to the ribosome for protein synthesis
tRNA delivers specific amino acids to ribosome during translation
antiparallel the 2 DNA strands run in opposite directions, 3' ---> 5' and the other is 5' ---> 3'
embryonic cells unspecialized cells, all genes have the potential to be turned on
differentiated cells only genes needed for that cell are turned on
mutation change in nucleotide sequence
point mutation single nucleotide is changed
frameshift mutation one or more nucleotides are inserted or deleted, shifting the entire frame
protein synthesis the process of making proteins, guided by the instructions in DNA
Created by: JSheahan1
 

 



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