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Global unit 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The iron chancellor | Bismarck fronts the upper/noble class (junkers), becomes prime minister, and gets the nickname iron chancellor. (belief in conservative nationalism) |
| Otto von Bismarck | a realist and a nationalist who was the prime minister, and followed rules of conservative nationalism. He followed the policies of realpolitik, and blood and iron |
| Blood and iron | the policy of the modern state was to fight and to spend vast amounts of public treasure in creating giant armies. |
| Realpolitik | a strong minded political philosophy that many political thinkers used from the renaissance up to the 20th century. This was known as a practical or political practice. Principles were based on practical considerations rather than moral/ideological. |
| How did Bismarck manipulate Germany? | Bismarck used realpolitik to support his quest and achieve Prussian dominance. He manipulated political issues (Schleswig-Holstein and Hohenzollern candidature) with intentions of antagonizing other countries to achieve his goal. |
| Nation building | The Prussian king was open to a strategy of a nation to encourage new fighting spirit and ensure the loyalty from newly formed territories. |
| Franco/prussian war | occured When Bismarck used propaganda to make France declare war because he was aware of his opportunities to win. (valuable territory gained with resources, Bismarck did not seize all of France because he still wanted nobility and power in Europe ) |
| Wilhelm I | King of Prussia from 1861 and German emperor from 1871 until his death in 1888. He was the first head of state in the newly unified Germany. He helped to unify the loosely confederated states, and formed the German empire. |
| Second reich | A period of the German empire from the unification of Germany. It led to a downfall due to the abdication of Wilhelm II. |
| Kulturkampf | Bismarck subjected the Roman Catholic Church to state control. Roman Catholics strongly resisted and opposed Bismarck effectively in the German parliament where they doubled their representation. ended up making the issue worse for him and for Germany. |
| Wilhelm II | Fires Bismarck in 1890 due to wanting to be the sole authority, and believing in divine right. Aggressive and dangerous, causes Germany to build into an empire. His actions had a profound effect upon German and European history in the 20th century. |
| Giuseppe Mazzini | A national leader who founded young Italy. He had a goal of introducing democracy, and unifying Italy into one free, independent, and republican nation. |
| Young Italy II Risorgimento | An Italian nationalist movement which passed along to other regions. It’s a constitutional monarch. |
| Victor Emmanuel | He was the first king of Italy, after its unification. After the Revolution of 1848, when war broke out with Austria, Emmanuel was given command of a division. He made Cavour his prime minister. (Known as “the glue”) |
| Count Camillo Cavour | Generally liberal, but was an enemy of republicans and revolutions. He was eager to use anything to achieve his goals, and believed in realpolitik. (“Brains of operation”) |
| Bismarck and Garibaldi’s connection | Similar to Bismarck, Garibaldi used manipulation to conquer his goal. Bismarck used realpolitik to manipulate Germany, Garibaldi used propaganda as a way to achieve his goal and convince the common people to openly revolt against their king. |
| Giuseppe Garibaldi | A longtime nationalist who shared a goal with Mazzini, which was to unify and create an Italian republic. Garibaldi accepted the aid from Cavour, and attempted to follow along with his goal of Italian unification. |
Created by:
Spohrerarianna