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Psych 2.8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Intelligence | bility to learn from experiences, solve problems and adapt to new situations |
| General intelligence (G factors) | foundation of all mental ability, measureable by every task a student who excels not only in math but also in subjects like language arts, science factor analysis |
| Factor Analysis | practice of “clumping” different aspects of a test Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related item (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score |
| Charles Spearman | “G factor” for general intelligence Thurstone - argued that intelligence formed seven categories: - numerical - reasoning - spatial Both agreed that there was a general factor among ability measures. |
| Crystalized intelligence (Gc) | accumulated knowledge and verbal skills This is going to increase as we age |
| Fluid intelligence (Gf) | ability to reason and abstractly Increases into adulthood but then decreases, especially in late adulthood |
| Howard Gardner’s 8 Intelligences | Existential Intelligence, logical, linguistic, naturalistic, interpersonal, kinesthetic, intrapersonal, musical, visual |
| Savant Syndrome | Exceptional intelligence in one area, but otherwise limited mental abilities |
| Sternberg’s Three Intelligences | Analytical - academic problem solving, considering multiple aspects of a problem and creating multi level solution Creative - create new ideas, adapt easily in new situations Practical - everyday tasks, “street smart” (ex: person follows a recipe) |
| General intelligence | omewhat predicts higher incomes |
| GRIT | Passion, and perseverance over a long time, in the pursuit of a long term goal |
| operational definition | taking an abstract concept such as sadness or intelligence and assigning a number to it ex: sadness is measure able by number of tears |
| confounding variable | an external factor that influences both the independent and dependent variables in a study, potentially leading to a false association between them |
| standardization (trait of real intelligence test) | Against what is an individual score compared to? Age? other score? |
| Reliability (trait of real intelligence test) | is the score stable overtime If all other variable stays the same? |
| validity (trait of real intelligence test) | Does the test actually measure what it says it measure? |
| content validity | a test or measurement accurately represents the entire range of concepts or constructs it aims to assess |
| construct validity | similar to operationalization. checks if a test really measures what it claims to measure. For example, if a test is meant to measure intelligence, it should actually reflect a person’s intelligence (how can it be measured?) |
| criterion validity | how well a test predicts or correlates with an outcome or behavior that is already established as a valid measure (test says they're genius, but they can't do simple math? maybe it's not) |
| predictive validity | how well a test can predict future outcomes or behaviors. (ex: if the SAT accurately predict how well you do in college) |
| achievement (test) | measure how much you learned in an unit |
| predictive (test) | Attempt to measure what will happen based on the data collected |
| Aptitude (test) | Measures a person's potential or natural abilities in specific areas |
| emotional intelligence | perceiving understanding managing using |
| Aptitude Tests | Capacity to learn, predict what they can do (Ex: SAT) |
| Eugenics | study of how to arrange reproduction within a human population to increase the occurrence of heritable characteristics regarded as desirable |
| Flynn Effect | The overall rise of intelligence scores over time (like through generations) (our generations didn't) |
| cross-sectional study | comparing people from different ages at the same point in time |
| longitude study | study that follows the same people over a long period of time |
| Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory | theory that our intelligence is based on g as well as specific abilities bridged by Gf and Gc |
| cohort | a group of people sharing a common characteristic such as being from a given generation |
| stereotype threat | a self-senfirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype (if you are reminded you are female before test, you do worst) |
Created by:
Akai