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sociology chp 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Global Inequality | the concentration of resources in core nations and in the hands of a wealthy minority |
| Global Stratification | the unequal distribution of resources between countries |
| GINI coefficient | measures income inequality between countries using a 100-point scale on which 1 represents complete equality and 100 represents the highest possible inequality |
| Gross National Income | A calculation of national wealth representing all the income earned by a nation and its people. The number includes the nation's gross domestic product plus the income it receives from overseas sources |
| Human Development Index | expresses the capabilities of people's potential achievement. The index is calculated using data regarding people's lifespan, education, and income. |
| First World | used to describe industrialized capitalist democracies |
| Third World | refers to poor, unindustrialized countries |
| Second World | describes nations with moderate economies and standards of living |
| Fourth World | describes stigmatized minority groups who have no voice or representation on the world stage |
| Core Nations | dominant capitalist countries |
| Peripheral Nations | nations on the fringes of the global economy, dominated by core nations, with very little industrialization |
| Semi-Peripheral Nations | are in-between nations, not powerful enough to dictate policy but acting as a major source of raw materials and an expanding middle class marketplace |
| Capital Flight | refers to the movement (flight) of capital from one nation to another, via jobs and resources |
| Deindustrialization | refers to the loss of industrial production, usually to peripheral and semi-peripheral nations where the costs are lower |
| Relative Poverty | the state of poverty where one is unable to live the lifestyle of the average person in the country |
| Extreme Poverty | the state where one is barely able, or unable, to afford basic necessities |
| Subjective Poverty | a state of poverty composed of many dimensions, subjectively present when one’s actual income does not meet one’s expectations |
| Global Feminization of Poverty | a pattern that occurs when women bear a disproportionate percentage of the burden of poverty |
| Chattel Slavery | a form of slavery in which one person owns another |
| Debt Bondage | the act of people pledging themselves as servants in exchange for money for passage, and are subsequently paid too little to regain their freedom |
| Modernization Theory | a theory that low-income countries can improve their global economic standing by industrialization of infrastructure and a shift in cultural attitudes towards work |
| Dependency Theory | a theory which states that global inequity is due to the exploitation of peripheral and semi-peripheral nations by core nations |
Created by:
carrey1