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Ag Econ
Chapter 8: Perfect Competition
| Term/Question | Definition/Answer |
|---|---|
| Market Structure | Conditions in an industry such as number of sellers, how easy/difficult it is for new firm to enter, and type of products sold |
| Perfect Competition | each firm faces many competitors that sell identical products |
| Price taker | take price as is; firm in perfectly competitive market that must take prevailing market price as given |
| Profit = | Total revenue - total cost (Price)(Quantity Produced) - (Average Cost)(Quantity Produced) |
| Marginal Revenue (MR) | additional revenue gained from selling one more unit Price |
| MR = | Change in Total Revenue divided by change in quantity |
| Marginal Cost (MC) | additional cost of producing one more unit |
| MC = | Change in Total Cost divided by change in labor |
| Profit Margin | relationship betwix price and average total cost (ATC); $ - ATC = Average Profit |
| Breakeven Point | level of output where marginal cost curve intersects w/ average cost curve @ minimum point of AC; price at this point firm earns 0 econ. profits |
| Shutdown Point | level of output where marginal cost curve intersects AVC @ minimum point of AVC; price below, firm should shut down immediately |
| Entry | long-run process of firm entering industry in response to industry profits |
| Exit | long-run process of firms reducing production/shutting down in response to industry losses |
| Long-Run Equilibrium | where all firms earn 0 econ profits producing level of output where P = MR = MC + P = AC |
| Profit maximizing choice | Happens @ level where MR=MC; Profitable - MR>MC; Not profitable - MR<MC |
| Maximize Profit | happens @ quantity where difference betwix total revenue/total cost is largest |
| Constant Cost | demand increase, cost of production for firm stays same; D^$P= |
| Decreasing Cost | demand increase, cost of production for firm decreases; D^$P\ |
| Increasing Cost | demand increase, cost of production for firm increases; D^$P^ |