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Muscle Group 6
The Thigh Muscles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The 4 muscles in the Quadriceps Femoris Group | Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Lateralis, and Vastus Intermedius |
| All quadriceps are innervated by what nerve? | The femoral nerve |
| Rectus Femoris | O-Long head @ AIIS, Short head @ upper margin of acetabulum; I-Patella @ via patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity; A-Extension of knee & assists in flexion of femur at hip (flexion of the hip joint) |
| ___ is the only muscle in the quadriceps group that crosses both the hip and knee joints. | Rectus Femoris |
| Rectus Femoris is the most ___ of the quadriceps. | Superficial |
| Vastus Medialis | O-Linea aspera on posterior femur; I-Patella via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; A-Extension of knee & slight internal rotation |
| Vastus Lateralis | O-Linea aspera on posterior femur & the greater trochantor of the femur; I-Patella via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity; A-Extension of knee & slight ecternal rotation |
| Vastus Intermedius | O-Anterior & lateral femoral shaft (the body of the femur); I-Patella via patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity; A-Extension of knee |
| This quadricep muscle lays on the bone and is the deepest of the quadriceps. | Vastus Intermedius |
| These 4 large, anterior thigh muscles insert below the knee and act to extend that joint. The three ___ lie deep to rectus femoris and two have their origins on the posterior femur. | Vasti |
| The rectus femoris originates on the ___ and thereby can act to flex the hip. | Pelvis |
| The ___ are the largest muscle group in mass, the ___ are the second. There primary action is extending the leg at the knee, and the superficial two-jointed rectus femoris assists the iliopsoas and pectineus muscles in hip flexion. | Quadriceps; Gluteals |
| Buckling or sudden "___" of the knee is common when pain is persistent on the anterior-medial aspect of the thigh and knee (vastus medialis) | Giving out |
| Lateral thigh pain is common and very distinguishable as that of a "___" of pain exploding up and down the thigh (vastus lateralis) | Lightning bolt |
| Sartorius | O-ASIS (Anterior Superior Iliac Spine); I-Medial shaft of tibia (pes anserine); A-Assist in flexion, lateral rotation of femur at hip & assists in flexion and medial rotation of the knee; N-Femoral nerve |
| This muscle is the longest muscle in the body. It is the most superficial thigh muscle and forms the lateral border of the femoral triangle. It brings the leg into a cross legged sitting position. | Sartorius |
| Not a powerful muscle, it only assists in these actions. | Sartorius |
| Pes Anserine | Means "Goose Foot." Region where the tendinous structures of the Semitendinosus, Gracilis, and Sartorius muscles join to insert at the medial knee. |
| ___, ___, and ___ make up the Femoral Triangle (SAIL) | Sartorius, Adductor longus, and Inguinal ligament |
| The Hamstrings | Bicep femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus |
| Biceps Femoris | O-Long head @ Ischial tuberosity, Short head @ Linea aspera; I-Head of the fibula & lateral tibial condyle; A-Longhead: Extension of femur @ hip, Short head: Flexion of knee & lateral rotation of flexed knee |
| Most lateral out of the hamstrings | Biceps femoris |
| Semitendinosus | O-Ischial tuberosity; I-Anterior proximal tibial shaft (pes anserine); A-Flexion of knee, extension of femur @ hip & medial rotation of flexed knee |
| Semimembranosus | O-Ischial tuberosity; I-Posterior medial tibial condyle; A-Flexion of knee, extension of femur @ hip & medial rotation of flexed knee |
| All 3 of the ___ cross both the hip and knee joints. In order from lateral to medial the initials are BTM. | Hamstrings. Bicep femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus. |
| Inability to touch the toes while keeping knees extended is largely due to ___ hamstrings. | Shorten |
| The ___ and ___ are the most superficial muscles on the posterior thigh. | Semitendinosus and Bicep femoris. |
| The ___ long head of the ___ acts along with the ___ and ___ in movements of hip extension & knee flexion. | Superficial; Bicep femoris; Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus |
| The hamstrings are all ___ jointed muscles except for the ___ head of the Bicep femoris. | 2; Short |
| The ___ muscle group - the primary hip flexors is ___ to the hamstrings. | Iliopsoas; Antagonist |
| Shortening of the hp extensors can pull down on the ___, rotating the pelvis posteriorly. | Ischial Tuberosity |
| A normal range of pelvic tilt is approx. ___ degrees from the ASIS to the PSIS. A decrease from ___ degrees will be noted with a posteriorly rotated pelvis. | 10; 10 |
| On the other hand, an anteriorly rotated ___ on the long leg side will cause shortening of the ___, ___, ___, and ___ on the anterior thigh. | Ilium; TFL, Rectus femoris, Sartorius, and Pectineus |
| A stooped posture resulting from sitting from sitting for long hours will usually be accompanied by tight and shortened ___. | Hamstrings |
| The Adductors | Pectineus, Gracilis, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, and Adductor Magnus |
| Pectineus | O-Anterior pubis; I-Between lesser trochantor & linea aspera of posterior femur; A-Flexion of femur @ hip and adduction of hip and medial rotation |
| This is the only adductor muscle that is innervated by the femoral nerve. | Pectineus |
| Adductor Longus | O-Anterior pubis; I-Linea aspera; A-Adduction of femur @ hip-Assists in flexion & medial rotation |
| This muscle forms the medial border of the femoral triangle | Adductor longus |
| This muscle has a prominent cord-like origin in the medial aspect of groin during active adduction of hip. | Adductor longus |
| Adductor Brevis | O-Anterior pubis; I-Linea aspera-proximal shaft of posterior femur; A-Adduction & assists in flexion & medial rotation |
| Brevis is found deep to ___. | Longus |
| You may attempt to palpate lateral to adductor longus' origin on the ___. | Pubis |
| This adductor muscle is the smallest and shortest of the adductor group | Adductor Brevis |
| Adductor Magnus | O-Anterior Head:Inferior ramus of pubis,Posterior Head:Ischial Tuberosity; I-Anterior Head:Linea aspera of femur,Posterior Head:Adductor tubercle of femur |
| Adductor Magnus (Continued) | A-Adduction of femur @ hip as whole, Anterior Head:Assist flexion and medial rotation, Posterior Head:Assists extension & lateral rotation |
| This adductor is the largest and deepest adductor | Adductor Magnus |
| Magnus Adductor refers pain ___ and in the ___ of the pelvis. | Underneath and Center |
| Treat the adductor ___ for posteriorly rotated pelvis on the short leg side. | Magnus |
| Gracilis | O-Anterior Pubis; I- Medial proximal tibia (pes anserine); A-Adduction of femur @ hip, assists flexion & medially rotates the leg at the knee joint |
| This is the most superficial & medial of all the adductors | Gracilis |
| From Lateral to Medial on the pubis, the order of the adductors are: | Pectineus, Adductor Longus, Gracilis, Adductor Brevis, and Adductor Magnus. |
| 3 muscles that attach to the Pes Anserine: | Sartorius, Gracilis, and Semitendinosus. |
| The Adductor ___ is an emergence of the femoral artery & femoral vein to popliteal fossa behind knee. | Hiatus |
| Adductor Hiatus is also known as | Hunter's Canal |
| The primary action of the adductor muscle group is | Adduction of the hip. |
| This orthopedic landmark, know as the pes anserine, also anchors the ___ and ___ muscles. | Semitendinosus and Sartorius |
| The ___ muscle is the most medial muscle on the thigh. It crosses the hip and knee joints. This two jointed muscle acts primarily as an adductor of eh thigh. but also slightly assists in hip flexion and knee flexion from a straight leg position. | Gracilis |
| When working in a sensitive area, slow broad ___ compression and gliding will be better received than fingers and thumbs. | Palm |
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