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3 Population Distribution Patterns
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study of interaction within populations; how it changes through time
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EnviSci Midterm

QuestionAnswer
3 Population Distribution Patterns clumped uniform random
study of interaction within populations; how it changes through time Population Ecology
5 Properties of Population Population Density Population Natality Population Mortality Age Distribution Immigration and Emigration
an individual has an equal probability of occurring anywhere in an area Random Pattern
individuals are uniformly spaced through the environment regular pattern
individuals live in areas of high local abundance which are separated by areas of low abundance clumped pattern
neutral interactions between individuals and local environment Random Pattern
antagonistic interactions between individuals or local depletion of resources regular pattern
attraction between individuals to a common resource clumped pattern
loss of fragmentation of forests, grasslands, wetlands and wildlife habitat land and biodiversity degradation
increased use and pollution of surface and groundwater water degradation
increased energy use and waste. Increased emission of carbon dioxide energy, air and climate degradation
decline of downtown business districts economy effect
study of the changes of relative number of organisms in populations and factors explaining the changes Population Dynamics
Influenced by natality, mortality, emigration and immigration Population growth rate
If immigration and emigration are ignored Population Growth
population change formula (births + immigration) - (death + emigration)
affect the population regardless of the number of individuals and include natural phenomena such as drought, floods Density independent factors
factors in the environment that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area. Influence a population in proportion to its size Density dependent factors
2 types of population growth curve: exponential (unrestricted) logistic (restricted)
growth that is restricted by the carrying capacity of environment logistic growth
a holistic science that integrates knowledge from biology, chemistry, physics and geology environmental science
T/F: If the environment you're living in isn't healthy, you won't be healthy either true malamang
______ would be very important on _____ since the atmosphere and overall environment there is much different than earth Environmental health, Mars
Air pollution can affect _____ and breathing lungs
Car exhaust fumes can decrease weight in ______ ovaries
What body systems are affected by pollution? 1. Respiratory 2. Reproductive
uses natural science to protect the environment environmental scientist
makes sure that living spaces are healthy and hygienic environmental health officer
investigate complaints about air or water quality and fixes them environmental science and protection technician
______ is caused by gases and poisons coming from factories burning fossil fuel pollution
______ is an increasing problem on Earth. Polar ice melting, changes in seasons and new sicknesses climate change
3 R's reuse reduce recycle
some of your values could change if you decide to become more eco-friendly spiritual effect
if your environment is messy or distracting you tend to feel more negative emotional effect
volunteering to plant trees or clean up social effect
if you decide to walk places instead of driving physical effect
if you decide to become more environmentally friendly intellectual effect
variety of life found in a place on Earth or, often, the total variety of life on Earth Biodiversity
Biodiversity is also called _____ biological diversity
The genetic, species and ecological variation of a given area Biodiversity
Three Types of Biodiversity Genetic diversity Species diversity Ecological diversity
is a measure of the variety of different versions of the same genes within individual species. Genetic diversity
assesses the richness and complexity of a biological community Ecological diversity
describes the number of different kinds of organisms within individual communities or ecosystems. Species diversity
all the organisms potentially able to breed in nature and produce fertile offspring Biological species concept
which emphasizes the branching (or cladistic) relationships among species or higher taxa, regardless of whether organisms can breed successfully Phylogenetic species concept
which defines species in evolutionary and historic terms rather than reproductive potential. Evolutionary species concept
they identified biodiversity hot spots Norman Myers and Russell Mittermeier
biodiversity hotspots are areas that contain at least _________ (species that occur nowhere else) and have lost at least __ percent of their habitat due to various anthropogenic factors 1,500 endemics 70 %
Using plants and land-based vertebrates as indicators, they have proposed __ hotspots that are a high priority for conservation because they have both high biodiversity and a high risk of disruption by human activities 34
T/F: Myers and Mittermeier used plants and land-based vertebrates as indicators true
Biodiversity “hot spots,” identified by Conservation International, tend to be in ______ or ______________ climates tropical or Mediterranean
T/F: biodiversity hotspots are usually found in islands, mountains or coastlines true
human threats to biodiversity Habitat destruction Invasive Species Pollution Population Overharvesting
HIPPO leads to ______ extinction
Species die out and are replaced by others, often their own descendants, as part of evolutionary change Extinction
Studies of the fossil record suggest that more than_______ of all species that ever existed are now extinct 99 percent
A major threat to native biodiversity in many places is from accidentally or deliberately introduced species Invasive Species
organisms that move into new territory Invasive Species
where toxic pollutants can have disastrous effects on local populations of organisms Pollution
_______-linked declines of top predators, such as eagles, osprey, falcons, and pelicans, were well documented in the 1970s Pesticide
____ poisoning is another major cause of mortality for many species of wildlife Lead
______ is key to biodiversity protection Legislation
R.A. 9147 Wildlife Act of 2001
It shall be the policy of the State to conserve the country's wildlife resources and their habitats for sustainability R.A. 9147 Wildlife Act of 2001
Wildlife Act of 2001 R.A. 9147
refers to species or subspecies that is facing extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future. Critically endangered species
examples of critically endangered species bubalus mindoronensis nepenthes kitanglad
refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating Endangered species
examples of Endangered species Penelopides affinis Shorea ovata
refers to species or subspecies that is not critically endangered nor endangered but is under threat from adverse factors throughout their range and is likely to move to the endangered category in the near future Vulnerable species
Vulnerable species examples Varanus bitatawa Liparis sp
refers to species or subspecies which is naturally occurring and found only within specific areas of the country Endemic species
Endemic species examples Naja samarensis Kanapia
refers to species or subspecies which do not occur naturally in the country Exotic species
Exotic species examples Heliconia Chelus
means species which have actual or potential value in trade or utilization for commercial purpose Economically important species
Economically important species examples Bubalus bubalis Cocos nucifera
Created by: 22112132
 

 



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