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APES UNIT 3

AP environment science

TermDefinition
K-selected few offspring, lots of parental care, fewer reproductive events, long lifespan, more likely to be disrupted by changes
R-selected many offspring, little to no parental care, shorter lifespan, more likely to be invasive, can thrive in any conditions
Carrying capacity highest population size an ecosystem can support based on limited resources
Overshoot When a population briefly exceeds carrying capacity
Die-off sharp decrease in population size when resource depletion (overshoot) leads to man individuals dying
Size (N) Total numbers of individuals in a given area at a given time
Density Number of individuals in an area Ex: 12 cats/ per mile
Distribution How individuals in a population are spread out compared to each other
Sex ratio ratio of males to females 50:50 is ideal for reproduction
Biotic Potential (Exponential Growth) Maximum growth rate, with no limiting resources. =exponential growth
Logistic growth initial rapid growth, then limiting factors limit population to K
Extreme pyramid shape (Age cohort graph) rapid growth
Less extreme pyramid shape (Age cohort graph) slow, stable growth
House (Age cohort graph) stable, little to no growth
Narrow at base (Age cohort graph) declining population
Total fertility rate Average number of children a woman in a population will bear in her lifetime
Replacement level fertility The total fertility rate required to offset the deaths in a population and keeping populations stable. About 2.1 in higher developed countries to replace mom and dad.
Infant mortality rate Number of deaths of children under 1 per 1000 people in a population
Development (Affluence) more developed, or wealthy nations have a lower TFR then less developed nations
Government policy Can play a huge role in fertility by coercive (forceful) or noncoercive (encouraging) policies
Growth rate (r) % increase in a population
Created by: gmduval1247
 

 



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