Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Med Term Ch - 14
Reproductive
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cervic/o | cervix |
| colp/o | vagina |
| -gravida | pregnant |
| gynec/o | female |
| hyster/o | uterus |
| mast/o, mamm/o | breast |
| men/o | menstruation |
| nulli- | none |
| ov/o | egg |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| -para | bring forth |
| -pexy | surgical fixation |
| salping/o | fallopian tube |
| test/o, test/i | testicles |
| vagin/o | vagina |
| circle with a plus at bottom | female |
| circle with an arrow at top | male |
| zygot | fertilized egg |
| gamete | reproductive cell |
| genitalia | organs of reproduction and their associated structures |
| perineum | external surface between the public symphysis and coccyx |
| scrotum | saclike structure that protects the testicles |
| testicles | small, egg shaped glands that produce sperm |
| sperm are formed in the ___________ | seminiferous tubules |
| coiled tube at upper part of each testicle | epididymis |
| penis | male sex organ that transports sperm to the vagina, composed of 3 columns of erectile tissue |
| pen/i, phall/i | penis |
| glans penis | head of the penis / sensitive region at the tip of the penis |
| foreskin / prepuce | retractable double-layered fold of skin |
| long, narrow continuations of the epididymis that eventually join the urethra | vas deferens |
| glands that secrete a thick, yellow substance to nourish sperm cells | seminal vesicles |
| semen | whitish fluid contianing sperm that is released at the peak of male sexual excitment |
| In males the _________ passes through the penis to the outside world. | urehtra |
| uretha | In males the ________________ serves as part of the reproduction and urinary systems |
| located just below the prostate gland | bulbourethral glands / Cowper's glands |
| ur | urine |
| spermat/o | sperm |
| -genesis | creation |
| sperm / spermatazoo | male gametes (reproductive cells) formed in the seminiferous tubules of the testicles |
| means capable of spontaneous movement | motile |
| inflammation of the head of penis | balanitis |
| phimosis | narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so it cannot be retracted can be present at birth or develop during childhood |
| impotence / erectile dysfunction | inability of male to achieve or maintain an erection |
| penile curvature / Peyronie's disease | sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection |
| reaches climax too fast / usually before or shortly after penetration of the female | premature ejaculation |
| -pause | stopping |
| ADAM | Androgen Decline in the Aging Male |
| absence of 1 or both testicles / can be congenial or caused by trauma | anorchism |
| cryptorchidism / undesended testicle | developmental defect where the testciles do not descend into the scrotum |
| -ism | abnormal condition |
| crypt/o | hidden |
| hydrocele | fluid-filled sac in the scrotum |
| hydr/o | pertaining to water |
| -cele | swelling, hernia, tumor |
| inflammation of the epididymus caused by infection from the urethra or the bladder | epididymitis |
| priapism | painful erection that last more than 4h without sexual arousal |
| spermatocele | cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm |
| orchalgia / testicular pain | pain in 1 or both testicles |
| most common form of cancer for males between 15 - 34 years / highly treatable when diagnosed early | testicular cancer |
| torsion | twisting |
| sharp pain in the scrotum caused by twisting of the vas deferens and blood vessels | testicular torsion |
| testitis / orchitis | inflammation of the testicle/s |
| varicocele | knot of varicose veins in one side of the scrotum |
| varic/o | varicose veins |
| normal sperm count | 20 - 120 million or more sperm/ml of semen |
| low sperm count / oligospermia | sperm count below 20 million/ml of semen |
| presence of blood in the semen | hemospermia |
| azoospermia | absence of sperm in the semen |
| sperm count / sperm analysis | testing of freshly ejaculated semen |
| testicular self-examination | self-help for early detection of lumps, swelling, or changes in the skin of the scrotum |
| surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis | circumcision |
| surgical removal of 1 or both testicles | orchidectomy / orchiectomy |
| orchi/o | testicle |
| endoscopic surgery to move an undesended testicle into place in the scrotum | orchiopexy |
| varicocelectomy | removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele |
| any procedure rendering an individual M / F incapable of reproduction | sterilization |
| vasectomy | small portion of the vas deferens are surgically removed |
| both sides | bilateral |
| vasovasostomy | surgical procedure to try to reverse a vasectomy |
| vas/o | blood vessel |
| STD | sexually transmitted diseases |
| caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis, highly contagious, requires early treatment of antibiotics, in females it can damage reproductive organs and in males is one of the causes of urethritis | chlamydia |
| bacterial vaginosis | abnormal overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina symptoms include: discharge, odor, pain, itching or burning. * increases risk of HIV |
| caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2, symptoms include: itching,or burning before lesions, highly contagious at all times, antiviral drugs ease symptoms | genital herpes |
| caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), highly contagious, in females it infects external genitalia (cervix / vagina)increase the risk of cervical cancer and in the male this virus infects the urethra | genital warts |
| human papilloma virus (HPV) | vaccine is available to prevent the spread of this disease and is recommended to be administered to girls between the age of 11 or 12 or before they become sexually active |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPV | human papilloma virus |
| transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids, particularly through sexual intercourse with an infected partner | human immunodeficiency virus |
| caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum and many symptoms are hard to distinguish from other STDs, highly contagious and is passed person to person through direct contact with a chancre | syphillis |
| VDRL | Venereal Disease Research Laboratory |
| RPR test | Rapid plasma reagin test |
| trichomoniasis (trich) | infection caused by the protozan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, symptoms include: Females frothy, yellow-green, foul-smelling vaginal discharge. Males symptoms are not usually present, but can include painful urination or a clear discharge from the penis |
| exterior opening of the vagina | vaginal orifice |
| musous membrane that partially covers the vaginal orifice before a woman has had intercourse | hymen |
| clitoris | organ of sensitive, erectile tissue located anterior to the urethral meatus and the vaginal orifice |
| external opening of the urethra is _____________ | urethral meatus |
| labia majora / labia minora | vaginal lips that protect other external genitalia |
| The ____________________ produce a mucus secretion to lubricate the vagina | Bartholin's glands |
| 2 small, round glands located either side of the vaginal orifice are ______________ | bartholin's glands |
| mammory glands are also known as _____________ | lactiferous ducts |
| areola | the dark-pigmented area around the nipple |
| breast milk flows from the ___________ | nipple |
| lact/o | milk |
| -iferous | means carrying or producing |
| internal female genitalia are located in the pelvic cavity and include: 2 ovaries, 2 fallopian tubes, _______________, and the vagina. | uterus |
| located in the lower abdomen are a pair of small, almond shaped organs one on either side of the uterus | ovaries |
| follicle | fluid-filled sac containing a single ovum |
| ova / eggs | are female gametes |
| ________ produce the sex hormone estrogen | ovaries |
| fallopian tubes are also known as ____________ | uterine tubes |
| The funnel shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary is ________________ | infundibulum |
| Finger-shaped projections at the ends of the fallopian tubes are _____________ | fimbriae |
| ________________ catch the mature ovum when it leaves the ovary | fimbriae |
| The uterus is also known as the ___________ | womb |
| The body of the uterus is also known as __________ | corpus |
| The lower, narrow portion that extends into the vagina is the __________________ | cervix or cervix uteri |
| The __________ is the bulging, rounded part above the entrance of the fallopian tubes. | fundus |
| Tough, membranous outer layer of the uterus | perimetrium |
| colp/o, vagin/o | vagina |
| myometrium | muscular middle layer of the uterus |
| endometrium | inner layer of the uterus, that contains specialized epithelial mucosa that is rich in blood vessels |
| vagina | The ______ is the muscular tube lined with mucosa that extends form the cervix to the outside of the body. |
| beginning of the menstrual cycle | menarche |
| menopause | Is the normal termination of menstruation |
| specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system. | gynecologist |
| specializes in providing care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately after. | obstetrician |
| perimenopause | term used to designate the phase between regular menstral periods and none at all |
| physcian who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the newborn | neonatologist |
| physcian who specializes in diagnosing, treating and preventing disorders and diseases of children | pediatrician |
| IVF | In vitro fertilization |
| AMA | advanced maternal age |
| artificial insemination | AI |
| infertility | the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy after 1 year, or a woman who cannot carry a pregnancy to birth |
| surgical suturing to repair an episiotomy | episiorrhaphy |
| infertility specialist | diagnosis and treats problems associated with conception and maintaining pregnancy |
| amni/o | amnion and fetal membrane |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid |
| episiotomy | surgical incision made thorugh the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of tissues during childbirth |
| C-section | cesarean section |
| delivery of a child through the maternal abdomen wall | C-section |
| VBAC | Vaginal Birth After a Cesarean |
| Abruptio placentae | AP |
| chorionic villus sampling | examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi,minute, vascular projections on the chorion, performed between the 8th and 10th week of pregnancy, check for genetic abnormalities |
| this test is performed during the 11th and 13th week of pregnancy and involves an ultrasound and a finger stick blood test, the combined results of these plus mothers age, detect most of the fetuses at risk for Down syndrome | first trimester screening |
| radiographic study to measure the dimensions of the pelvis to evaluate its capacity to allow passage of the fetus through the birth canal | pelvimetry |
| pregnancy test | a ___________ test is performed to detect an unusually high level of the human chorionic gonadotropin hormone in either a blood or urine test. |
| the birth of a fetus that died before or during delivery | stillbirth |
| a _______________________ is a fetus born before 37th week of gestation | premature infant |
| placenta previa | abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus |
| eclampsia | more serious form of preeclampsia, characterized by convulsions, and sometimes coma, treatment is delivery of the fetus |
| breech presentation | is when the fetus is positioned to enter the birth canal buttocks or feet first instead of head first |
| the interuption or termination of a pregnancy before the fetus is viable | abortion |
| ectopic pregnancy | potenially dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implated and begins to develop outside the uterus, also know as extrauterine pregnancy |
| apgar score | scale of 1-10 used to evaluated a newborn at 1 and 5 minutes after birth, criteria are: heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, response stimulation and skin color. 8-10 is best possible condition. |
| preeclampsia | complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| anovulation | absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected |
| the release of a mature egg is __________ | ovulation |
| oophoritis | inflammation of an ovary |
| nulli- | none |
| -gravida | pregnant |
| -para | bring forth |
| -prima | first |
| ______________ is the greenish material that collects in the intestine of a fetus and forms the first stools of a newborn | menconium |
| ____________ is the postpartum discharge that usually lasts 4 - 6 weeks after childbirth | lochia |
| ____________ is a specialized milk that delievers essential nutrients and antibodies to the newborn in a form they can digest, produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and for a few days following birth | colostrum |
| process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts | lactation |
| after childbirth | postpartum |
| antepartum | final stage of pregnancy just before onset of labor |
| childbirth | parturition |
| return of uterus to its normal size and condition after childbirth | uterine involution |
| 6 weeks after delivery of the placenta, and the end of this period, most of the changes in the mothers body due to the pregnancy have resolved and the body has returned to its nonpregnant state | puerperium |
| mood disorder characterized by feelings of sadness, loss of pleasure in activities that can occur shortly after giving birth, rapid changes to hormon levels | postpartum depression |
| vernix | greasy substance that protects the fetus in utero and can still be present at birth |
| nulligravida | never been pregnant |
| primigravida | woman that has not borne a viable child |
| primapara | woman who has borne 1 viable child |
| mutliparous | woman who has given birth 2 or more times |
| first stage of labor | longest stage of labor, includes dilatation and effacement of the cervix and the rupture of the amniotic sac |
| effacement | _________________ is the procees where the cervix prepares for childbirth by gradually softening, shortening, and becoming thinner |
| the term pregnancy is used interchanably with ____________________ | gestation |
| LMP | last menstral period |
| GIFT | gamete intrafallopian transfer |
| __________________ is the first movement by the fetus | quickening |
| The fetus is described as being __________________ when it is capable of living outside the uterus, developmental age, birth weight, and developmental stage of lungs | viable |
| ________________ are intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with increasing frequency as pregnancy progresses, infrequent, irregular,painless | Braxton Hicks contractions |
| navel / belly button | where the umbilical cord was attached to the fetus |
| innermost membrane that surrounds the embryo in the uterus | amniotic sac |
| amniotic sac | commonly known as "bag of waters" |
| chorion | thin outer membrane that encloses the embryo, contributes to the formation of the placenta |
| placenta | temporary organ, forms within the uterus to allow the exchange of nutrients, oxygen and waste products between the mother and fetus |
| fraternal twins | 2 eggs (ova), separate sperm, develops into 2 embryos |
| identical twins | single egg (ova), by a single sperm, divids to form 2 embryos, exact same genetic information of parents |
| multiples | birth of more than 2 infants |
| after delivery of a newborn the placenta is expelled as __________________ | afterbirth |
| ZIFT | zygote intrafallopian transfer |
| corpus luteum | secrets the hormone progesterone, second half of menstrual cycle, maintains growth of uterine lining in preperation for the fertilized egg |
| _______________ occurs when a sperm penetrates and fertilizes the desending ovum | conception |
| the developing child is know as a ___________ | fetus |
| ____________ is the release of a mature egg from a follicle on the surface of the ovary | ovulation |
| coitus is the medical term that means ________ | sexual intercourse |
| sperm travel upward through the vagina, into the uterus, and on into the _______________ | fallopian tube |
| from implantation through to the 8th week of pregnancy the developing child is known as _____________ | embryo |
| after the 9th week of pregnancy the child is known as ___________________ | fetus |
| mammoplasty / mammaplasty | general term for cosmetic operation of the breasts |
| breast augmentation | performed to increase breast size |
| breast reduction | performed to decrease and reshape large breasts |
| mastopexy | surgical fixation of sagging breasts |
| polycystic ovary syndrome | Stein-Leventhal syndrome |
| pyosalpinx | accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube |
| salphigitis | inflammation of a fallopian tube |
| __________________ condition caused by a hormonal imbalance, ovaries enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developing follicles | polycystic ovary syndrome |
| cervical dysplasia | precancerous lesions are also known as ____________, and are detected by the pap smear |
| uterine fibroid | benign tumor composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that occurs in the wall of the uterus |
| uterine cancer | cancerous growth on the lining of the uterus |
| uterine prolapse is also known as _______________ | pelvic floor hernia |
| endometriosis | patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity |
| metrorrhea | abnormal discharge, such as mucus or pus from the uterus |
| oophoritis | inflammation of an ovary |
| ovariorrhexis | rupture of an ovary |
| ovarian cancer | originate within the cells of the ovaries, break away and spread (metastasize) to other tissues and organs within the abdomen or travel through the blood |
| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix |
| endocervicitis | inflammation of the mucous membrane lining the cervix |
| colporrhexis | tearing of laceration of the vaginal wall |
| leukorrhea | profuse, whitish discharge from the uterus and vagina |
| vaginal candidiasis is also known as __________ | vaginal thrush / yeast infection |
| caused by a yeast-like fungus (Candida albicans), usually controled by the bacteria normally present, if not controlled these symptoms occur that include: burning, itching, and "cottage cheese-like" vaginal discharge | vaginal candidiasis |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| vulvitis | inflammation of the vulva |
| mastitis | breast infection that is caused by bacteria the enter the breast tissue during breast feeding |
| mastalgia / mastodynia | pain in the breast |
| galactorrhea | production of breast milk in a women that is not breast feeding, caused by a malfunction of the thyroid or pituitary gland |
| fibrocystic breast disease | presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts, usually occurs in older women |
| cysts | closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material |
| fibroadenoma | round, firm rubbery mass that arises from excess growth of glandular tissue of the breast |
| olig/o | scanty |
| men/o | menstruation |
| hyper- | excessive |
| -rrhea | flow or discharge |
| galact/o | milk |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| IVF | in vitro fertilization |
| SOB | shortness of breath |
| AMA | advanced maternal age |
| HYS | hysterectomy |
| ART | assited reproductive technology |
| menstrual period that lasts longer than normal duration 7+ days, excessive flow | hypermenorrhea |
| the dark pigment around the nipple is ________ | aerola |
| the beginning of menstruation is ____________ | menarche |
| an inflammation of an ovary is ______________ | oophoritis |
| a syndrome of unknown cause, characterized by chronic burning, pain during sexual intercourse, itching or stinging irritation of the vulva is ________________ | vulvodynia |
| pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period is ______________ | dysmenorrhea |
| hypomenorrhea also known as _________ | menorrhagia |
| unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period is _______________ | hypomenorrhea |
| infrequent or very light menstruation in woman with previously normal periods is _______________ | oligomenorrhea |
| the occurence of menstrual cycles more frequently than normal is ______________ | polymenorrhea |
| the condition in which the ovaries cease functioning before the age of 40 due to a disease, hormonal disorder, or surgical procedure is ______________________ | premature menopause |
| PMS | premenstrual syndrome |
| PMDD | premenstrual dysphoric disorder |
| group of symptoms experienced by some women within the 2-week period before menstruation, symptoms include: bloating, swelling, headaches, mood swings, and breast discomfort is known as ______________________ | premenstrual syndrome |
| condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems that are closely linked with menstruation, symptoms occur regularily in the second half of the menstrual cycle and end when menstruation begins or shortly after is _________________ | premenstrual dysphoric disorder |
| direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina is __________________ | colposcopy |
| menorrhagia | is the excessive flow over a period of more than 7 days |
| In an __________________ a small amount of tissue from the lining of the uterus is removed for microscopic examination, often used to determine the cause of vaginal bleeding | endometrial biopsy |
| an __________________ test is performed by placing an ultrasound transducer in the vagina so that the sound waves can create images of the uterus | endovaginal ultrasound |
| hysterosalpingography | radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes |
| ___________________ means slowly pouring a liquid onto a body part or body cavity | instillation |
| This test requires the instillation of radiopaque contrast material into the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes to make them visable | hystersalpingography |
| PAP smear | also known as Papanicolauo test |
| ________________ is an exfolliative biopsy for the detection of conditions that can be early indicators of cervical cancer | PAP smear |
| Exfoliative | __________________ means that cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under microscope |
| surgical removal of the uterus is known as a ________________________ | hysterectomy |
| In a _________________________ the uterus and cervix are removed | total hystereectomy |
| A ___________________ only removes the uterus and leaves the cervix in place | partial hysterectomy |
| Surgical removal of the uterus and cervix, the ovaries and fallopian tubes is known as _________________ | radical hysterectomy |
| dilation and curettage | surgical procedure, cervix is dilated and the endometrium of the uterus is scraped away |
| D & C | dilation and curettage |
| surgical removal of uterine fibroids is ____________________ | myomectomy |
| a molded plastic contraceptive device inserted through the cervix into the uterus is an __________________________ | intrauterine device |
| a _____________________ is used to lessen the likelihood of contraception and pregnancy | contraceptive |
| ___________________ is the use of female hormones (estrogen and progesterone) to repalce those that the body is no longer producing | hormone replacement therapy |
| the synthetic form of the female progesterone is __________________ | progestin |
| GOOD LUCK!!!!! | HAPPY STUDYING!!!!! |
Created by:
alikater