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Functions of the kidneys include
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How much urine is excreted by the kidneys each day
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post real test #3

Before midterm

QuestionAnswer
Functions of the kidneys include maintain fluids and electrolyte balance & filter waste from blood & regulate blood pressure
How much urine is excreted by the kidneys each day 1-2 liters
T/F The left kidney is longer and narrower than the right true
For which habitus will the kidneys lie at the highest level? hyperstentic
How much will kidneys drop from the supine to the upright position? 2 inches
The microscpoic componets of the parenchyma of the kidney are called nephrons
The cluster of blood capillaries contained within the capsules of a nephron is called the glomerulus
Which of the following as the filter for the blood in the kidney? glomerulus
The Cup shaped recesses in the center of each kidney that receive the urine from the collecting ducts are called the calyces
Where do the Ureters lie in relation to the peritoneum behind the peritoneum
Which of the following serves as the reservoir for urine? Urinary bladder
How much fluid can the adult bladder hold? 500mL
Where do the ureters enter the bladder posterior wall
How long is the urethra in the female 1 ½ inches
The technique of injecting contrast media into a vein & taking radiographs of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder is termed IVU
In some radiography procedures involving the urinary system, the contrast medium is introduced against the normal flow. This is termed retrograde
A radiographic examination of the urinary bladder is termed cystography
For which of the following anatomical areas is the retrograde technique used bladder, lower ureters, and urethra
The concentration of iodine in ionic contrast media is 50%-70%
Which of the following is true regarding nonionic contrast media? Cost is higher and less likely to cause a reaction
The common reaction to contrast media include Warmth and flushing
Significant reaction to contrast media include Nausea, vomiting, and edema of the respiratory mucous membrane
The vast majority of all reactions to contrast media occur within how many minutes after injection? 5
Preparation of the patient for an IVU includes A light evening meal, a non-gas forming laxative, and NPO after midnight
The exposure technique used for an IVU should have sufficient contrast and density to clearly demonstrate the Outline of the kidneys, lower border of the liver, and the lateral margin of the psoas muscle
Which of the following must be available during an IVU? Radiologist and emergency cart
Where is the compression applied during an IVU? Distal ends of the ureters
Compression should not be used during and IVU if the patient has An aneurysm and A colostomy
The respiration phase for all exposures made during an IVU is Expiration
Contraindications for IVU include Anuria & renal failure
Within how many minutes does contrast media appear in the pelviocalyceal system in 2-8 minutes
How many minutes after injection does the greatest concentration of contrast media appear in the kidneys 15-20 minutes
The series of radiographs made during an IVU examination are typically done at time intervals between 3-20 minutes
Where is the IR centered for all abdominal radiographs taken during examinations of the urinary system Iliac crests
What is the central-ray angle for the AP oblique projection of the urinary system? 0 degrees
How much is the patient rotated from the supine for an AP oblique projections of the urinary system? 30 degrees
Which of the following is true regarding positioning of the abdomen for a lateral projection of the urinary system? The midcoronal plane is centered to the grid
Which decubitus position is commonly used during an IVU examination to demonstrate the ureteropelvic junction? Dorsal decubitus
Which of the following is true regarding retrograde urography? The ureters must be catheterized, provides little physiologic information, and contrast is injected directly into the pelvicalyceal system
Which technique is used to get contrast medium into the urinary bladder for a cystogram? Retrograde filling technique
Which of the following projections is used during a cystogram? AP, AP oblique, and Lateral
What size IR and which position is used for examination of the urinary bladder (cystogram)? 24 x 30 cm lengthwise
Where is the IR centered for an AP axial projection of the urinary bladder (cystogram)? 2 inches above the upper border of the symphysis pubis
How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the urinary bladder during a cystogram? 40 to 60 degrees
Which plane is centered to the grid for a lateral projection during a cystogram? The midcoronal plane
What is the essential projection used for a cystourethrogram on a male patient? AP oblique
Where is the IR centered for the AP oblique projection during a male or female cystourethrogram? Superior border of the pubic symphysis
How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection during a male or female cystourethrogram? 35 to 40 degrees
How is the central ray positioned to free the bladder neck of superimposition during a female cystourethrogram? 5 degrees caudad
The urinary system includes which of the following? Urethra and two kidneys
The two kidneys lie behind the peritoneum
The concave medial border of the kidney where the blood vessels and ureter exit is called the Hilum
The muscoal folds on the inside of the urinary bladder are called Rugae
The abbreviation for the excretory technique of urography is IVU
The radiographic examination of the urethra is called Cystourethrography
The center of the compression device that is placed over the lower ureters during intravenous urography is positioned at the level of the iliac crest
Which projection will demonstrate the mobility of the kidneys during intravenous urography? AP
Which position may be helpful to demonstrate the lower ureters? Trendlenburg’s 15 to 20 degrees
Which projection would place the right kidney perpendicular to the IR? Ap oblique, RPO
The respiration phase for radiographs made during intravenous urography is Suspended expiration
Which of the following is considered an operative examination? Retrograde urography
What is the central-ray angulation for the AP axial urinary bladder? 10 to 15 degrees caudad
What is the central-ray angulation for the PA axial urinary bladder? 10 to 15 degrees cephalad
Created by: o3iiheartmmg04
 

 



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