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UCSP
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the study of society, culture and politics based on social and political philosophy , offer multitudes of disciplines with different perspectives about people and society — three key disciplines for UCSP: Anthropology, Sociology, and Political Science. | Social Sciences |
| as stated by Edward Tylor,” . . . is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” | Culture |
| What latin word did culture came from | Cultura |
| is the study of the origin and development of human societies and cultures | Anthropology |
| is the study of humans in all areas and in all periods of time | Anthropology |
| is the only discipline that can access evidence about the entire human experience on this planet | Anthropology |
| is generally defined as Scientific study of humanity. | Anthropology |
| understands the past through pre-historic and historical materials, architectural features, landscapes, and remains. This is often called as the “anthropology of the past”. | Archaeology |
| examines human and non-human primate evolution, ecology, behavior, and biocultural variation. | Bioanthropology |
| studies the many ways language reflects and influences social life. | Linguistic anthropology |
| examines social patterns and processes within and across cultures. | Social-cultural anthropology |
| is a complex of form or processes, each of which is living and growing by interaction with the others, the whole being so unified that what takes place in one part affects all the rest.” | Society |
| is the scientific study of society | Sociology |
| is the study of social action (Max Weber) | Sociology |
| is the study of collective behavior (Park and Burgess) | Sociology |
| is the study of social facts through social institutions (Emile Durkheim) | Sociology |
| is the study of humans living together (Tonnies) | Sociology |
| is the study of social groups on the basis of social interaction (Simmel) | Sociology |
| is the scientific study of social aspects of human life (Marck Young) | Sociology |
| is the study of social life, social change, and the social causes and consequences of human behavior | Sociology |
| Two types of Culture | Material Culture Nonmaterial Culture |
| Culture does not exist in isolation. It is a product of society. It develops through social interaction. No man can acquire culture without association with others. | Culture is social |
| The culture of every society is unique by itself. Cultures are not uniform. Cultural elements like customs, traditions, morals, values, and beliefs are not constant. For instance, Philippines has no single set of values and beliefs. | Culture varies from one society to society |
| Culture is not something that an individual alone can possess. For example, people of a society share all customs, traditions, beliefs, ideas, values, morals, etc. | Culture is shared |
| Unlearned behavior then, is not culture. . Not all behaviors are learned, but most of these can be. Combing hair, standing in line, telling jokes, criticizing the president, and going to movies all constitute behaviors that need to be learned. | Culture is learned |
| Many of these ways are handed down from elders, while other cultural behaviors are handed up to elders. Language is the main vehicle of culture. Transmission of culture may take place also through imitation as well as through instruction. | Culture is transmitted among members of society |
| Ralph Linton called culture “the social heritage” of man. No culture ever remains constant or permanent. It is subject to slow but constant variation. Likewise, culture is responsive to the changing conditions of the physical world; hence, it is dynamic. | Culture is cumulative and continuous |
| Our needs, both biological and social, are fulfilled in cultural ways. Culture consists of the intellectual, artistic, and social ideals, and institutions where members of the society profess and strive to confirm. | Culture is gratifying and idealistic |
| are the perceived rules, formal or informal, written or unwritten, that define acceptable and appropriate actions within a given group or community, thus guiding human behavior | Social norms |
| Social norms are learned and accepted from an early age, often in infancy, and held in place by ___ _____ for non-adherence to the norm and for adherence ____ ______ | social sanctions (‘punishments’) & social benefits (‘rewards’ |
| norms that stem from and organize casual interactions, and emerge out of repetition. We engage in them to satisfy our daily needs, and probably unconscious in operation. | Folkways |
| more strict than folkways, as they determine what is considered moral and ethical behavior; they structure the difference between right and wrong. | Mores |
| is a very strong negative norm; it is a prohibition of certain behavior that is so strict that violating it results in extreme disgust and even expulsion from the group or society. | Taboos |
| is a norm that is formally inscribed at the state or federal level and is enforced by police or other government agents. | Laws |
| Four forms of social norms | Folkways Mores Taboos Laws |
| the act of judging another culture from the perspective of one's own | Ethnocentrism |
| An extreme form of ethnocentrism which is defined as "the sense of superiority that ethnic or national groups have of themselves relative to others" | Cultural Chauvinism |
| the belief that one's culture is inferior to another. This type of person usually has a high regard for other cultures but disdains his/her own or is embarrassed by it | Xenocentrism |
| no one society is superior to another; they are merely different. | Cultural Relativism |
| is making the connection between personal challenges and larger social issues. | sociological imagination |
| who created the concept of sociological imagination | C. Wright Mills |
| what branches of social science are troubles” (personal challenges) and “issues” (larger social challenges), also known as respectively? | biography and history |
| Society as a system of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability. | Structural-Functionism (pagkakaiba ng definition) |
| is necessary for a strong society, and adequate socialization and social integration are necessary for this | Social Stability |
| Society as a competition for limited resources, where social inequality and power dynamics play a central role | Conflict theory |
| Society as a product of everyday interactions and the meanings individuals assign to them. | Symbolic-Interactionism |
| Social problems arise from the interaction of individuals. People who engage in socially problematic behaviors often learn these behaviors from other people. | Symbolic-Interactionism |
| who said that culture is "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." | Edward Tylor |
| who said “Society is a complex of form or processes, each of which is living and growing by interaction with the others, the whole being so unified that what takes place in one part affects all the rest.” | Charles Horton Cooley |
| Father of Sociology | Auguste Comte |
| who said that Sociology is the study of social action | Max Weber |
| who said that Sociology is the study of collective behavior | Park and Burgess |
| who said that Sociology is the study of social facts through social institutions | Emile Durkheim |
| who said that Sociology is the study of humans living together | Tonnies |
| who said that Sociology is the study of social groups on the basis of social interaction | Simmel |
| who said that Sociology is the scientific study of social aspects of human life | Marck Young |
| who said this “From science comes prediction; from prediction comes action.” | Auguste Comte |
| strengths of cultural relativism | Promote cultural understanding Protect cultural respect and autonomy Foster learning |
| limitations of cultural relativism | Failure to Address Human Rights Reducing Cultures to Stereotypes Individual Rights vs. Cultural Values |
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