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Module E
Periodic Table/ Periodic Trends
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a group? | A column on the periodic table |
| What is a period? | A row on the periodic table. It is tied to the energy level. The 4th row on the periodic table begins the 4th energy level. |
| What is periodic law? | Elements in the same group are chemically similar. |
| What are the 3 classes of elements? | metals, nonmetals, and metalloids |
| Which class of elements are an okay conductor, shiny and brittle? | metalloids |
| Which class of elements are good conductors, shiny, malleable and ductile? | metals |
| What is the octet rule? | to be stable, elements want 8 valence electrons like the nearest noble gas |
| Which class of elements are reactive to acids and chlorides? | metals |
| Which class of elements are brittle, dull and poor conductors? | nonmetals |
| How can we use the periodic table to find valence? | It's the last digit of the group number |
| Which group of metals are the most reactive? | alkali metals |
| Which group of nonmetals are the most reactive? | halogens |
| What is the best determination for how reactive an element it? | the closer you are to a noble gas, the more reactive you are |
| What is the name of group 1? | alkali metals |
| What is the name of group 2? | alkaline earth metals |
| What is the name of groups 3-12? | transition metals |
| What is the name of the footnote elements (sublevel f)? | inner transition metals |
| What is the name of group 17? | halogens |
| What is the name of group 18? | noble gases |
| What is an ion? | When an element changes the number of electrons it has |
| Positively charged ions are called what? | cations |
| Negatively charged ions are called what? | anions |
| Ions become positively charged by doing what with electrons? | losing electrons |
| Ions become negatively charged by doing what with electrons? | gaining electrons |
| Metals become what type of ions? What do they do with electrons? | metals become cations by losing electrons |
| Nonmetals become what type of ions? What do they do with electrons? | nonmetals become anions by gaining electrons |
| How many protons and electrons in S²-? What is its name? | protons 16 electrons 18 sulfide |
| How many protons and electrons in Mg²+? What is its name? | protons 12 electrons 10 magnesium ion |
| What is the definition of ionization energy? | The amount of energy needed to remove an electron |
| What is the definition of electronegativity? | The ability to attract electrons from a nearby atom |
| F or Fr Which element has the largest ionization energy? | F |
| F or Fr Which element has the largest electronegativity? | F |
| F or Fr Which element has the largest atomic radius? | Fr |
| Place in decreasing ionization energy order: S,Cl and P | Cl, S, P Are there any noble gases because they would have the most ionization energy? No. The order is decreasing, F has the highest ionization energy so start closest to F and work closer to Fr (which has the lowest ionization energy) |
| Place in increasing electronegativity order: Cs, Mg, Kr | Kr, Cs, Mg Are there any noble gases (because they have 0 electronegativity)? Yes. The order is increasing so the noble gas would be first. Between Cs and Mg; Cs is closer to Fr which has the least electronegativity so it would go next. |
| Which element in period 3 has the largest atomic radius? | Na, the closer you are to Fr the bigger you are. Also, period 3 refers to row 3. Make sure you count the rows starting with H. |
| Which halogen has the highest ionization energy? | F. Unless you are a noble gas, F has the highest ionization energy of any element |
| Which alkali metal has the highest electronegativity? | Li, F has the highest electronegativity, and Li is the alkali metal closest to F |
| What kind of ion would Al become? What did it do with electrons and what charge would it become? | Al is a metal and becomes a cation. It has 3 valence electrons and metals lose their valence electrons. It would have a 3+ charge. |
| What kind of ion would P become? What did it do with electrons and what charge would it become? | P is a nonmetal and becomes an anion. It has 5 valence electrons and nonmetals gain to fill their valence so it will gain 3 more for the 8 it needs. It would have a 3- charge. |
| Which has the higher ionization energy? P or Cl | Cl, First make sure none are noble gases which have the highest ionization energy. Next the higher one is the one closer to F |
| Which has the higher electronegativity? Ne or Sb | Sb First make sure none are noble gases which have zero electronegativity. Ne is a noble gas so Sb must be higher |
Created by:
erika.johnson
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