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Unit 2C
Acids and Bases 8th grade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acids have a __ __ __ __, sharp taste. Fill in missing word. (think lemon) | sour |
| The pH scale measures what? | The strength of an acid or a base |
| The pH scale ranges from what numbers? | 0 - 14 |
| A substance below 7 on the pH scale is _______? | an acid |
| A substance that has a pH of 7 is said to be? | neutral (not acid or base), for example: distilled water |
| A substance that has a pH above 7 is called ______? | a base |
| Used to tell when an acid has neutralized a base by changing color | indicator |
| Color of litmus paper in an acid | red |
| Color of litmus paper in a base | blue |
| Paper used to tell the pH of an acid or a base | indicator paper |
| When an acid and a base react, water is a product, and also ______ | salt |
| a homogenous type of mixture where one (or more) substance(s) gets dissolved into another substance, usually a fluid | solution |
| solvent | the part of a solution that is the larger amount; usually a fluid |
| solute | the part of a solution that gets dissolved |
| colloid | a mixture containing very small, undissolved particles that do not settle out |
| suspension | a mixture in which particles can be seen and which can be separated by settling or filtration |
| dilute solution | a mixture that has a small amount of solute (weak iced tea) |
| concentrated solution | a mixture that has a large amount of solute (strong iced tea) |
| neutralize | to cancel out an opposing force |
| salt | formed as a product in the reaction of an acid with a base, along with water |
| subscript | A number written below and to the right of a chemical symbol that shows the number of atoms. |
| chemical formula | A shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols and subscripts to represent the type and number of atoms in the smallest unit of the substance. |
| chemical equation | Chemical formulas and symbols written to represent an entire reaction. |
| balanced chemical equation | A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in which both sides of the equation contain equal numbers of atoms of each element. The mass must be balanced on both sides. |
| reactants | Substances that take part in and get changed by a chemical reaction |
| products | Substances that are produced during a chemical reaction |
| Law of Conservation of Matter (Mass) | The mass of all reactants must equal the mass of all products. Matter is neither created nor destroyed. |
| physical change | affects size, shape, state of matter, or color of a substance, but does not turn it into a new substance |
| chemical change | one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances because their atoms are rearranged |
| element | a pure substance made entirely of one type of atom |
| atom | the smallest unit of an element |
| molecule | two or more atoms bonded together |
| compound | a pure substance made of two or more types (kinds) of atoms bonded together |
| evidence | indication that an event has occurred |
| substance | an element or compound that can only be separated or combined to make new substances by means of a chemical reaction |
| precipitate | a solid that is created by the reaction of two liquids |
| closed system | a natural physical system that does not allow transfer of matter in or out of the system |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
LMS 8 Sci
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