Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Stack #42515
Bio final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sugar molecule in DNA | deoxyribose |
| sugar molecule in RNA | ribose |
| DNA: A bonds with | T |
| DNA: G bonds with | C |
| RNA: A bonds with | U |
| RNA: G bonds with | C |
| chromatin | unwrapped DNA histones when cell is not dividing, found in neucleus |
| chromatid | single stick like DNA |
| chromosome | DNA material found in an X- shaped structure |
| DNA | what makes up the chromosome |
| number of chromosomes in human body cells | 46 |
| number of chromosomes in sex cells | 23 |
| cytokenisis | division of the cytoplasm of one cell into two new cells |
| replication | the process by which DNA copies itself during interphase |
| process of DNA replication: part one | DNA heicase unzips DNA at the gene site |
| process of DNA replication: part two | DNA polymerase enzyme builds mRNA |
| helix of DNA | double |
| helix of RNA | single strand |
| Relative size of DNA | Relative size of DNA |
| Relative size of RNA | skinny |
| DNA base | thymine |
| RNA base | uracil |
| who is Gregor Mendel | a monk who is known as the father of genetics |
| What did Mendel discover | how to cross breed plants and patterns |
| with what organism did Mendel do his work | pea plants |
| PS: DNA strand is _______ by DNA helicase | unzipped |
| PS: DNA strand is _______ to make mRNA | transcribed |
| PS: DNA travels from nucleus to ______ | ribosome |
| PS: at ribosome mRNA connects with _____ that is transporting | tRNA |
| PS: amino acid connects to each other by _____ ____ to make a protein | peptide bonds |
| homologous chromosomes | one of a pair of morphologically similar chromosomes |
| sex chromosomes | determine if boy or girl |
| autosomal chromosomes | all chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes |
| cancer | the uncontrolled growth of cells |
| recessive (genes and traits) | an allele that is masked by the presence of another allele for the same characteristic |
| dominant (genes and traits) | an allele that masks the presence of another allele for the same characteristic |
| phenotype | actual visible representation of a trait |
| genotype | genetic make-up of an organism |
| incomplete dominance | both alleles affect the phenotype (B. horse + W. horse = grey horse) |
| codominance | neither of the alleles fully mask the other (B. horse + W. horse = horse that is B. and W.) |
| haploid | having only one chromosome of each homologous pair |
| diploid | having both chromosomes of each homologous pair |
| double diploid | having two sets of diploid chromosomes |
| zygote | a dipliod cell that results from the fusion of gametes |
| gamete | a reproductive cell |
| sperm | male gamete |
| egg | female gamete |
| polar bodies | other female reproductive potential eggs that won't be used for reproduction |
| sex linked traits | genes carried by chromosomes |
| sex influenced traits | genes that are influenced by whether the organism is male or female |
| purebred pairs | AA or aa |
| hybrid pairs | Aa |
| three reasons for cell division to occur | to reproduce, for efficiency (i.e. too big = inefficient), replace dead cells |
| prophase | membranes dissolve, chromosomes visible, aster & spindles form |
| metaphase | chromosomes line up at center |
| anaphase | split centromeres, chromosomes move to sides |
| telophase | nuclear membranes re-form, chromosomes change back into chromatid |
| males: end product of meiosis | sperm |
| females: end product of meiosis | polar bodies + egg |
| crossing over | an exchange of genetic information allowing for a greater species variety |
| why more males are colorblind, hemophiliac than females | these conditions are carried on the X chromosome. women have XX man just X (both X's would have to carry the condition for women to be afflicted) |
| who determines the sex of the child | father; because he can provide X or Y but mother can only provide X |
| why is the Human Genome Project important | it is the coding of all of the bases in a human's chromosome. With this information scientists can work on curing genetic diseases |
| cardio vascullar | moves O2 & CO2, kills germs / bacteria, keeps you warm |
| respiratory | moves O2 & CO2, moistens filters and warms air, supplys oxygen for the metabolic reactions that release energy and produce ATP |
| skeletal | supports / forms body shape, protects delicate organs, stores minerals |
| muscular | moves: fluids, blood, and you |
| excretory / urinary | filters waste, moves waste, cleans blood |
| digestive | takes in nutrients, filters out waste, keeps you alive |
| what is blood pressure | amount of pressure in your arteries |
| how is blood pressure measured | the flow of blood is stopped in the arm with air pressure. then the heartbeat is listened to for systolic and diastolic pressure |
| an average blood pressure reading | 120/80 |
| what factors can raise your blood pressure | size of arteries, volume, emotions & stress |
| hemoglobin (function) | carries O2 |
| RBC (function) | carries hemoglobin |
| WBC (function) | fights germs and bacteria |
| platelets (function) | forms clots |
| veins | bring blood to heart |
| arteries | carry blod from heart |
| capillaries | small tubes that connect veins and arteries |
| nasal cavity | filters, moisens, and warms incoming air (cillia filter) |
| trachea | tube that connectspharynx to bronchi |
| epiglottis | prevents food from going into trachea |
| bronchial tubes | primary: 2 main branches from the trachea that lead to lungs. secondary: smaller tubes that branch from each primary bronchi |
| alveoli | microscopic air sacs that exchange gases |
| capillaries | very small blood vessels that pick up O2 and give off CO2 with the alveoli |
| diaphragm | a muscular sheet that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities |
| larynx | contains vocal cords that produce sound |
| pleural membrane | double membrane that surrounds each lung, protects and lubricates lungs |
| pneumonia | a virus or bacteria infects the walls of the alveoli causing them to swell. in the microscope you would see mucus in the alveoli |
| emphysema | pollutants dissolve alveoli walls, making less surface for gas exchange |
| bronchitis | (blank) |
| lung cancer | (blank) |
| inhalation | you take air into your lungs and your rib muscles contract, pulling ribs up and out. diaphragm contracts down |
| exhalation | you force air out of your lungs, your chest reduces in size, rib muscles relax down and diaphragm relaxes and moves up |
| pulmonary respiration | occurs at lungs, when O2 enters the blood and CO2 leaves blood |
| cellulary respiration | occurs in cells, uses O2 to break down glucose and obtain ATP energy inside the mitochondria |
| peristalsis | series of rhythmic contractions that digest food |
| vomiting | reverse peristalsis |
| diarrhea | when your colon doesn't remove juices that it should and excrement flows freely from the anus |
| heart attack | (blank) |
| gall stones | when a hard mass forms in the gall bladder, then tries to leave |
| heart burn | when the cardiac sphincter send back acid |
| parasitism | when one species feeds off another (the parasite gains and the host is harmed) |
| commensalism | when one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped |
| herbivore | eats only plants |
| carnivore | eats only other animals |
| scavenger | feeds on the remains of other animals that it finds |
| decomposer | feed off and decomposes dead materials |
| omnivore | eats both plants and animals |
| 4 human made problems hurting the ecosystem | runoff, destruction from lumbering, destruction for farmland, introduction of foreign species |
Created by:
cnhaney