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HGE
HGE terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil. | Porosity |
| Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil solids. | Void Ratio |
| Ratio of volume of water and volume of soil. | None of the above |
| Which is true for porosity? | 0 < n < 100 |
| Which is true for void ratio? | 0 < e |
| Which is true for degree of saturation? | 0 ≤ S ≤ 100 |
| When the seepage pressure becomes equal to the pressure due to submerged weight of a soil, the effective pressure is reduced to zero and the soil particles have a tendency to move up in the direction of flow. This phenomenon is generally known | A. Quick condition B. Boiling condition C. Quick sand \D. All the above |
| What is soil in civil engineering? | The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s crust |
| Minor losses through valves, fittings, bends, contractions etc. are commonly modeled as proportional to: | velocity head |
| The best hydraulic cross section for a trapezoidal channel of base width b is one for which the length of the side edge of the flow section is: | b |
| When the path lines of the individual particles of a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually cross each other and form a complicated network, the flow is called: | turbulent |
| Type of flow where the flow rate does not change over time. | steady flow |
| Type of flow where the mean velocity of flow for a given length or reach is the same at every cross section. | uniform flow |
| Uninterrupted flow in a fluid near a solid boundary in which the direction of flow at every point remains constant: | laminar flow |
| Type of flow where at any time, the discharge or flow rate at every section of the stream is the same. | continuous flow |
| Type of flow in which, for a fixed rate of flow, the specific energy is minimum. | critical flow |
| Type of flow in which the density of the fluid is constant from one point to another | incompressible flow |
| Type of flow in which the fluid particles rotate about their own axis while flowing along the streamlines. | rotational flow |
| If the ground water table in a soil formation rises as resulting of flooding, the bearing capacity of the soil: | Decreases |
| One of the following foundation conditions does not affect the bearing capacity of the supporting soil. | Load imposed onto the soil |
| A process by which water-saturated soil sediment temporarily loss strength and acts as a fluid. | . Liquefaction |
| Volume change in saturated soils caused by the expulsion of pore water from loading? | . Primary Consolidation |
| Negative skin friction on piles.. | A. Is caused due to relative settlement of the soil B. Is caused in soft clays C. Decreases the pile capacity D. All of the above |
| A decrease in water content results in a reduction of the volume of soil in: | A. Liquid state B. Plastic state C. Semi-solid state D. All of these |
| The water content in a soil sample when it continues to loose weight without loosing the volume, is called | Shrinkage limit |
| The admixture of coarser particles like sand or silt to clay causes | Decrease in both liquid limit and plasticity index |
| the elastic tendency of liquids which makes them acquire the least surface area possible. It is responsible for example, when an object or insect such as mosquitoes that is denser than water is able to float or run along the water surface. | surface tension |
| . In a triangular channel section, the most economical section is achieved when each of its sloping sides make an angle of ___ with vertical. | 45º |
| Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium? | above center of gravity |
| When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in? | unstable equilibrium |
| The metacentric height is the distance between the | center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter |
| The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called: | specific weight |
| . A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change) is referred to in hydraulics as: | water hammer |
| . A type of shock where the flow undergoes a sudden transition from swift flow to tranquil flow. | hydraulic jump |
| A fluid property that measures the fluid’s resistance to shear stress. | viscosity |
| The vena contracta of a circular orifice is approximately ___ diameter downstream from the inner face of the orifice plate. | 1/2 |
| When the ship’s metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in: | neutral equilibrium |
| Rise of water table above the ground surface causes: | Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress |
| The shear strength of a soil: | Decreases with decrease in normal stress |
| . Effective stress on soil: | Decreases both voids ratio and permeability |
| The coefficient of compressibility of soil, is the ratio of: | . Strain to stress |
| A cohesive soil deposit is considered stiff if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between | 100 to 200 |
| A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between | 25 to 50 |
| A cohesive soil deposit is considered very soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between | 0 to 25 |
| An index used to identify the swelling potential of clay soils is called | Activity |
| The property of a soil which permits water to percolate through it | Permeability |
| Which of the following methods is best suited for determination of permeability of coarse-grained soils? | Constant head method |
| Terzaghi's bearing capacity factors Nc, Nq and Nγ are functions of | . Angle of internal friction only |
| Coefficient of earth pressure at rest is | Greater than active earth pressure but less than passive earth pressur |
| The average coefficient of permeability of natural deposits | Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification |
| The quantity of seepage of water through soils is proportional to | A. Coefficient of permeability of soil B. Total head loss through the soil C. Neither A nor B D. Both A and B |
| The critical exist gradient of seepage water in soils, increases with | A. An increase in specific gravity B. A decrease in specific gravity C. A decrease in void ratio D. Both A and C |
| Who is the father of modern soil mechanics? | K. Terzaghi |
| If the ground water table in the soil formation rises as a resulting of flooding, the bearing capacity of the soil | decreasing |
| One of the following foundation conditions does not affect the bearing capacity of the supporting soil | Load imposed onto the soil |
| What is the largest grain that passes a no. 200 sieve in millimeter? | 0.074 |
| Section 302.2.2 of the National Structural Code of the Philippines provides that the slope of cut surfaces of the ground shall be no steeper than is safe for the intended use and shall be no steeper that: | 1 to 2 |
| The fraction of soils passing which sieve number is used for Atterberg Limits tests of soils: | 40 |
| Coefficient of consolidation of a soil is affected by | Both compressibility and permeability |
| If the sand in-situ is in its densest state, then the relative density of sand is | 1 |
| Accurate determination of water content, is made by | Oven-drying method |
| . Which one of the following statements is not correct? (C) A. Specific energy is the total energy above the floor of an open channel | B. For a given specific energy, two depths exist and these are called alternate depths C. Velocity of flow is critical at maximum specific energy D. Critical velocity occurs at Froude number = 1 |
| All other conditions and parameters remaining the same, water hammer pressure can be reduced by | A. using pipe of greater diameter B. using pipe of greater wall thickness C. using a more elastic pipe D. increasing the velocity of the pressure wave |
| If a water tank, partially filled with water is being carried on a truck, moving with a constant horizontal acceleration, the level of liquid will | rise on the rear side and fall on the front side of the tank |
| As the depth of immersion of a vertical plane surface increase, the location of center of pressure | comes closer to the center of gravity of the area |
| . In open channel water flows under | force of gravity |
| The pressure exerted onto a liquid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the liquid. This principle in fluid mechanics is attributed to: | Pascal |
| In any stream flowing steadily without friction, the total energy contained is the same at every point in its path of flow. This principle is attributed to: | . Bernoulli |
| The volume of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely as the pressure applied to the gas. This principle is attributed to: | Boyle |
| Any body completely or partially submerged in a fluid (gas or liquid) at rest is acted upon by an upward, or buoyant, force the magnitude of which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. This principle is | Archimedes |
| A theorem in fluid dynamics relating the speed of fluid flowing out of an orifice to the height of fluid above the opening. | Torricelli |
| The continuity equation is based on the principle of: | conservation of mass |
| When a valve is suddenly closed on a liquid flowing through a long pipe, the pressure wave of high intensity thus generated is known as: | water hammer |
| . Which property of the fluid accounts for the major losses in pipes? | viscosity |
| An open vessel of water is accelerated up an inclined plane. The free water surface will | make an angle in opposite direction to inclination of inclined plane |
| The horizontal to vertical side slope in case of Cipolletti weir? | 1:4 |
| The horizontal component of the force on a curved surface is equal to | force on a vertical projection of the curved surface |
| For the most economical trapezoidal open channel, | half of the top width must be equal to one of the sloping sides B. the hydraulic radius must be equal to half the depth of flow C. the semicircle drawn with top width as diameter must touch the three sides of the channel D. All of these |
| Gauge pressure is | bsolute pressure - atmospheric pressure |
| In flow, the liquid particles may possess | potential energy B. kinetic energy C. pressure energ |
| For most economical rectangular section (C) of a channel, the depth is kept | one-fourth of the width B. three times the hydraulic radius C. half the width D. none of these |
| Minimum specific energy of an open rectangular channel with critical depth dc. | (3/2)d c |
| Which of the following statements are correct: I. EGL is always parallel to the HGL II. EGL slopes downward in the direction flow, it will only rise with the presence of pump | III. EGL is always above the HGL IV. Neglecting head loss, EGL is horizontal A. I,II, and III only B. II,III, and IV only C. III and IV only D. All of the abov |
Created by:
akoaytao99