Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AP Euro Vocab Late M
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Black Death | A mid-14th century plague, spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe via fleas on rats carrying the Yersinia pestis bacterium. |
| Giovanni Boccaccio | A 14th-century Italian writer best known for his Decameron, which vividly depicted reactions to the Black Death, including indulgence in excess and fleeing to the countryside. |
| Pogroms | Violent, organized massacres, particularly against Jews, who were falsely blamed for causing the Black Death by poisoning wells |
| Scutage | A monetary payment in the 14th century, replacing military service in the lord-vassal relationship, particularly after the Black Death. |
| Taille | A hearth tax in medieval France, imposed by King Philip VI during the Hundred Years' War, which placed a heavy burden on peasants and the middle class. |
| Unam Sanctam | A 1302 papal bull by Pope Boniface VIII, asserting the supremacy of spiritual authority over temporal (political) authority, marking the strongest papal claim to power. |
| The Papacy at Avignon | Saw popes reside outside Rome, leading to a decline in papal prestige and criticism for being under French influence and for their lavish lifestyles. |
| Great Schism | Occurred when two popes, one in Rome and one in Avignon, divided European loyalties, with different regions supporting either pope, deepening the church's crisis. |
| Conciliarism | The belief that only a general church council could resolve the Great Schism and reform the church, aiming to address its leadership and internal issues. |
| Mysticism | The direct, personal experience of oneness with God, a spiritual concept that gained prominence in the 14th century, notably through the teachings of Meister Eckhart. |
| Modern Devotion | A 14th-century religious movement founded by Gerard Groote, emphasizing practical, personal piety and a simple, devout Christian life over theological complexities. |
| Vernacular | The use of local, everyday language in literature. In Italy, it was notably advanced through sonnets by poets like Petrarch, who wrote in Italian rather than Latin. |
| Jacob Burckhardt | A Swiss historian, introduced the modern concept of the Renaissance in his 1860 book The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, portraying it as the birthplace of modernity with a focus on individualism, secularism, and the revival of antiquity. |
| Isabella d’ Este | A renowned Renaissance ruler known for her intelligence, political skill, and cultural patronage. As the "first lady of the world," she attracted artists and scholars to her court in Mantua and amassed one of Italy's finest libraries. |
| Peace of Lodi | Ended decades of war in Italy, establishing a balance of power with an alliance system among major states, but it did not ensure lasting cooperation. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Expressed a deep concern with political power through his experiences and writings as a diplomat and secretary for Florence during a tumultuous period in Italy |
| Individualism | Emphasized personal expression and achievements, notably in intellectual and artistic fields, reflecting the era's focus on human potential |
| Secularism | Highlighted a shift away from religious explanations and focus, emphasizing worldly, non-religious aspects of life and culture. |
| Petrarch | Often called the father of Italian Renaissance humanism for his promotion of classical Latin and his influence on Renaissance thought, despite his concerns about balancing classical and spiritual ideals. |
| Civic Humanism | Integrating Renaissance humanism with civic pride and active community involvement, contrasting earlier views of intellectual life as solitary and detached. |
| Leonardo Bruni | A humanist and Florentine chancellor who championed civic humanism, emphasizing that intellectuals should actively serve their state, inspired by Cicero's integration of political action and literary creation. |
| Neoplatonism | Led by Marsilio Ficino, who sought to blend Platonic philosophy with Christianity. It emphasized a hierarchy of being from material to spiritual realms, with humans positioned between the two. |
| Johannes Gutenberg | Pivotal in developing movable type printing, with his Bible being the first major book produced in this manner in the West. |
| High Renaissance Art | Refers to the period characterized by masterful advancements in artistic techniques and a focus on harmony, balance, and idealized human forms, with key figures including Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael |
| Northern Renaissance | Refers to the spread of Renaissance art and ideas to Northern Europe, where artists like Jan van Eyck and Albrecht Dürer developed detailed realism and incorporated local themes into their work. |
Created by:
user-1868979