catalyses the hydrolysis of esters of basic amino acids; there’s an acidic group at the base of the pocket so it attracts a basic amino acid side chain

catalyses the hydrolysis of the esters of aromatic amino acids; pocket is lined with small neutral amino acids so a relatively large aromatic group can fit

hydrolyses the esters of small neutral amino acids; two bulky amino acid side chains in the pocket so only a small neutral side chain will fit

The substrate (S) binds to the enzyme (Enz) to form an enzyme-substrate complex  Enz+S Enz-S

Reaction of Enz-S to form enzyme-product complex Enz-P  Enz-S Enz-P

Breakdown of Enz-P to release product  Enz-P Enz+P

pH affects enzyme activity

Enzymes designed to work at different pH ranges

temperature affects enzyme activity

o If it goes beyond the optimal temperature and length of time, the enzyme starts to degrade from overheating; higher temperature means greater chances of colliding and greater activation energy available

substrate concentration affects enzyme activity

When the enzyme is very unsaturated with substrate, the rate of reaction increases sharply with increasing concentration; when the enzyme is almost saturated with substrate, there is little change in the rate of reaction with increasing concentration

substrate concentration 2

rate of reactions depend on the substrate, more substrate means more chance of having a molecule come in, rate of reaction slows down because there's competition trying to get to the enzyme

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jever 6

enzyme specificity, 3 stages, 3 factors

Question	Answer
trypsin	catalyses the hydrolysis of esters of basic amino acids; there’s an acidic group at the base of the pocket so it attracts a basic amino acid side chain
chymotrypsin	catalyses the hydrolysis of the esters of aromatic amino acids; pocket is lined with small neutral amino acids so a relatively large aromatic group can fit
elastase	hydrolyses the esters of small neutral amino acids; two bulky amino acid side chains in the pocket so only a small neutral side chain will fit
enzymic reactions 1	The substrate (S) binds to the enzyme (Enz) to form an enzyme-substrate complex  Enz+S <-> Enz-S
enyzymic reactions 2	Reaction of Enz-S to form enzyme-product complex Enz-P  Enz-S <-> Enz-P
enzymic reactions 3	Breakdown of Enz-P to release product  Enz-P <-> Enz+P
pH affects enzyme activity	Enzymes designed to work at different pH ranges
temperature affects enzyme activity	o If it goes beyond the optimal temperature and length of time, the enzyme starts to degrade from overheating; higher temperature means greater chances of colliding and greater activation energy available
substrate concentration affects enzyme activity	When the enzyme is very unsaturated with substrate, the rate of reaction increases sharply with increasing concentration; when the enzyme is almost saturated with substrate, there is little change in the rate of reaction with increasing concentration
substrate concentration 2	rate of reactions depend on the substrate, more substrate means more chance of having a molecule come in, rate of reaction slows down because there's competition trying to get to the enzyme

Created by: jever

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