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Unit 1 ? to Know
Here are the questions from your study guide.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Who was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin. |
| Who was chosen to write the Declaration of Independence? | Thomas Jefferson |
| What two philosophers did Thomas Jefferson study to get ideas about government when writing the Declaration of Independence? | John Locke and Baron De Montesquieu |
| What were the beliefs of John Locke? | Representative Democracy. Believed people were born with natural right of, Rights: Life, Liberty, Property. |
| What were the beliefs of Baron De Montesquieu? | Separation of Power. Divide the branches into 3 parts to prevent one from having too much power. |
| How did other documents like the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights and Mayflower Compact influence American Government? | They helped us to create our founding documents such as the Declaration or Independence and the Bill of Rights in our Constitution. |
| What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | No Regulating Foreign Trade No Executive Branch No Judicial Branch Only One Vote per Colony Changes must be Unanimous No Collecting Taxes |
| What debates and compromises were made in the Constitutional Conventions? | Ratifying the Constitution - Federalists agreed to add a Bill of Rights to the constitution in order to get the Anti-Federalists to support the constitution. |
| What are considered the first political parties? | Federalists and Anti-federalists. |
| What did the Federalist believe? | Federalists believed in a strong national government and the need for a Constitution. |
| What did the Anti-Federalist believe? | Anti-Federalists did not want a Constitution because the believed it would government to much power but instead they wanted a Bill of Rights that citizens would live by. |
| What are the parts of the Constitution? | Preamble, 7 articles, signatures and 27 amendments |
| What are the six basic principles of the Constitution? | Popular Sovereignty, Limited Government, Seperation of Powers, Checks and Balances, Judicial Review and Federalism , |
| What is Popular Sovereignty? | The people have the power |
| What is Limited Government? | The government's power is limited and all must obey the law. |
| What is Checks and Balances? | Each branch can check the others so that none get too powerful. |
| What is Federalism? | how the power is shared between the states and federal government. |
| What are the 3 branches of government created in the Constitution and what is the job of each one? | Legislative Branch- Makes the laws Executive Branch- Enforce the Laws Judicial Branch- Interpret the laws |
| What does Article 1-3 set up? | The 3 branches of Government. Article I - Legislative Branch -Article II - Executive Branch -Article III - Judicial Branch |
| What does Article 4-7 do? | 4) the powers of the states and how to add new states. 5) how to add things or change the constitution. 6) that the const. is the supreme law & no other laws can be in violation. 7) how to ratify the Const. and Est. it as the official gov't of the US. |
| What are the powers that only the states have? | Reserved Powers: Ex: Establish and Maintain schools |
| What are the powers that only the Federal government have? | Delegated Powers: Ex: Declare war |
| What powers do they share? | Concurrent Powers: Ex: taxation |
| What was the Olive Branch Petition? | Delegates sent a petition to King George urging peace before turning to fighting but it was rejected and King George took it as a threat and said no. PEACE LETTER TO THE KING. |
| Who wrote Common Sense? | Thomas Paine |
| Why was Common Sense important? | It publicly encouraged Colonist to use "Common Sense" and to fight for independence from Britain. |
| What two events took place in Boston during the American Revolution? | Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party. |
| What was the first shot of the American Revolution called? | The shot heard around the world |
| What is in the First Amendment? | Freedom of speech, Freedom of Religion and Freedom of the Press. |
| Who was the President of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| Who was the father of the Constitution? | James Madison |
| What day do American's celebrate Independence Day? | July 4th, 1776 |
| What type of government does the US have? | representative democracy |
| What is the correct chronological order that these documents were written? Articles of Confederation, Declaration of Independence and Constitution | 1) Declaration of Independence 2) Articles of Confederation 3) Constitution |
| Was the Articles of Confederation a success that led to the states becoming unified? | No. It was a failure that led to very little unity. |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | Agreement to self-govern and elect leaders before english migrants landed ashore in the New World North America. |
| What word refers to those who wanted to remain loyal to Britain during the American Revolution? | Loyalist |
| What word refers to those who wanted to get independence from Britain during the American Revolution? | patriot |
| Where did the first shot of the American Revolution take place? | Lexington and Concord |
| What does Tyranny mean? | an abuse of power. |
| What is part of the First Amendment? | Freedom of speech, Freedom of Religion and Freedom of the Press. |
| Natural rights = | Rights that the government cannot take away according to John Locke "Life, Liberty and Property." |
| Mayflower Compact | Agreement to self-govern and elect leaders before english migrants landed ashore in the New World North America. |
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