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FUNDAMENTAL
Study Stack Chapter 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Latin and Greek | Serve as a universal language that all medical physicians, nurses, pharmacists, technicians, and other medical personnel can understand. |
| Caplet | Dosage forms are closely related to tablets, but they are smooth-sided and are therefore easier to swallow. |
| emulsion | Is a mixture of two or more immiscible liquids; Liquids can be fairly unstable; emulsifiers are often added to improve stability and dispersion. |
| Factors that determines the form of the medication. | Metabolism of the drug Target age of the patient Desired speed of release and action |
| Cream | usually have medications in a base that is part oil and part water and is intended for topical or local use. |
| ointment | Contains medication in glycol or oil base such as petrolatum. |
| ADD Vantage | A unique type of vial which keeps the medication separate from the diluent until it is time to reconstitute. |
| The Joint Commission (TJC) | has provided a "Do Not Use List" that outlines the most commonly misread abbreviations. To reduce the number of mistakes, all practitioners have been informed that these abbreviations should be avoided. |
| Elixir | are clear, sweetened solutions that contain dissolved medication in a base of water and alcohol (hydroalcoholic base). |
| Intravenous (IV) | has a bioavailability of 100% because the drug does not have to be absorbed, but bioavailability varies for other routes of administration such as IM, SUBCUT, topical, and PO. Fast onset of action. |
| Metabolism | is the processes by which the body breaks down or converts medications to active or inactive substances. |
| Distribution | The movement of a medication throughout the blood, organs, and tissues after administration |
| Elimination | The final evacuation of a drug or other substance from the body via normal body processes, such as kidney elimination (urine), biliary excretion (bile to stool), sweat, respiration, or saliva |
| Absorption | The taking of nutrients and drugs into the body from food and liquids |
| Syrup | Sugar based solution where medications are dissolve. |
| Suspension | Are liquid dosage forms in which very small solid particles are suspended in the base solutions. |
| HFA | hydrofluoroalkane , Is more expensive than CFC Replaced chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in inhalers in 2009 |
| Emulsifier | can be added to a mixture of water and oil to bind them together in a medication base |
| bioequivalence | The relationship between two drugs that have the same dosage and dosage form and that have similar bioavailability |
| bioavailability | The degree to which a drug or other substance becomes available to the target tissue after administration |
| MDI | Metered Dose Inhalers |
| pharmacokinetics | The study of the absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of drugs |
| half-life | The time required for a chemical to be decreased by one half, or for half the amount of a substance, such as a drug in a living |
| first-pass effect | A process in which a portion of the drug dose is metabolized before the drug has a chance to be distributed systemically |
| legend drugs | Drugs that require a prescription.These drugs carry the federal legend: “Federal law prohibits the dispensing of this medication without a prescription”. |
| Enteral | is a route of administration by way of the intestine, such as orally, rectally, or sublingually |
| behind-the-counter | Nonprescription drugs that are kept behind the pharmacy counter |
| Over-the-counter | medications that can be purchased without a prescription. |
| instill | is a directional term that means "To place into". It is commonly used for ophthalmic or otic drugs directions. |
| parenteral | is a term used to describe a medication that is usually given by injection into a vein, the skin, or muscle that bypasses the gastrointestinal system. |
| pro-drug | An inactive substance that is converted to a drug in the body by the action of enzymes or other chemicals |
Created by:
mparcasio