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Am. Rev
Steps to Revolution and American Revolution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Salutary Neglect | "Healthy ignoring" of the colonies. This represented British policy towards the colonies in the time period before the French and Indian War. The government very loosely controlled the colonies and allowed the colonists to have some degree of self-governm |
| French and Indian War | Conflict between England and France over control of North America between 1754 and 1763. The English government became heavily in debt because of it and began to tax the colonies. |
| Proclamation of 1763 | Created a line along the Appalachian Mountains in 1763 that colonists could not cross. It was designed to lessen the possibility of a recurring fight between the colonists and the Native Americans. |
| Stamp Act | British law that taxed all printed materials (legal papers, marriage license, newspapers) in the colonies. This resulted in boycotts and organized protests by the colonists |
| Sons of Liberty | Radical group of colonists that organized protests against the British government and wanted independence from England. |
| Thomas Paine | Author of the pamphlet "Common Sense" |
| Common Sense | Pamphlet published in January 1776 that convince many people in the colonies that they should be independent. |
| Townshend Acts | Laws passed by the English government that taxed lead, glass, paper, paint and tea. |
| Boston Massacre | Event in 1770 where British soldiers killed 5 colonists. It was used as propaganda by the colonists to make the British government look too powerful. |
| Lexington and Concord | Sites in Massachusetts where the first shots were fired in the Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775). |
| Boston Tea Party | Protest made by the Sons of Liberty against the Tea Act in December 1773. |
| Intolerable Acts | Laws passed by the British government to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party. |
| Declaration of Independence (1776) | Statement by the 2nd Continental Congress that officially dissolved the political ties between the states and the British government. "Declare independence from G.B." |
| Thomas Jefferson | Author of the Declaration of Independence. |
| Second Continental Congress | Governing body of the colonies that instituted the Declaration of Independence |
| George Washington | Leader of Continental Army during the Revolution and 1st President of the United States |
| Yorktown | Place where the British army under General Cornwallis surrendered in 1781. |
| Writs of Assistance | Allowed the British to search all homes and ships. |
| Enlightenment | Movement in Europe in the 1600's and 1700's that resulted in new ways of thinking about government. |
| Treaty of Paris 1783 | Written agreement that officially ended the Revolutionary War |
| American Revolution (Revolutionary War) | Conflict between England and the 13 colonies that lasted 1775 to 1783. |
| Articles of Confederation | 1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade) |
| John Locke | English philosopher who argued that people have natural rights; influenced the Declaration of Independence |
| Quartering Act | 1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies. |
| Shay's Rebellion | A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes. Proves the Articles of Confederation are not working! |
| Battle of Saratoga | Turning point of the Revolutionary War (September and October of 1777). This American victory led to the French alliance. |
| "Consent of the governed" | the people give the government its power by voting (consenting) |
| Tea Act | Law that gave the British East India Company an advantage in selling tea, to the American Colonies. |
| Sugar Act | a tax on sugar and molasses |