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Chapter 2 Part 2

QuestionAnswer
Organic compounds are found in living things and contain hydrogen bonded to what other element? Carbon
What other 2 elements besides carbon are found in carbohydrates? In what ratio are these 2 elements found? Hydrogen and oxygen. These two elements are typically found in a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.
What is the main function of carbohydrates in human cells? Provide energy
What are the building blocks of carbohydrates? Monosaccharides.
What are some examples of monosaccharides? Glucose, fructose, galactose
What are some examples of disaccharides? Sucrose, lactose, maltose
What is a long chain of simple sugars called? polysaccharide
What is a polysaccharide that is stored in the liver and muscles of humans? Glycogen
What distinguishes lipids from carbohydrates since they have the same elements? The proportion of oxygen in lipids is less than in carbohydrates.
What is the structure of neutral fats (triglycerides)? Composed of three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule.
What are the functions of neutral fats (triglycerides)? Protection, insulation, storage energy.
Where would you find phospholipids? in cell membrane
Describe the differences in the two ends of a phospholipid. They have hydrophilic (polar or water attracted) end and a hydrophobic (nonpolar or water avoiding" end.
What are some examples of steroids? Cholesterol, bile salts, vitamin D, sex hormones, and adrenal cortical hormones.
Created by: user-1862379
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