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Oceanography 9/4/24

QuestionAnswer
Continental drift Theory proposed by Alfred Wegener that centrifugal force is the mechanism of continents moving slowly across the surface of the Earth. Pangea, Panthalassa.
Seismic waves Generated by earthquakes
Surface waves Travel along earth's waves
Body waves Travel through earth
P wave Compressional wave
S wave Shear wave
Seismograph Records arrival time and intensity of seismic waves. Data from earthquakes confirmed the model of earth's layers.
Oceanic crust Basalt: a heavy dark colored rock
Continental crust Granite: a familiar speckled rock
Harry Hess and Robert Diaz Explained features of ocean floor
Ocean ridges Boundaries where plates are created
Trenches Boundaries where plates are destroyed/subducted
Plate tectonics are powered by...? heat
Convection currents Forms when warm mantle rises and cool material sinks
Divergent plate boundaries Plates move apart
Convergent plate boundaries Plates come together
Transform plate boundaries Plates shear laterally past one another.
Crust is neither produced nor destroyed
Bathymetry By Posidonius, who tied a rock to a rope. The sinking of the RMS Titanic ended the weight on a rope technique.
Echo sounders Speed of sound through sea water
Continental margin submerged outer edge of a continent, influenced by tectonic activity.
Passive margin Faces edges of divergent plates. Little earthquake/volcanic activity
Active margin Near edges of converging plates. Has earthquake/volcanic activity.
Ocean basins Deep sea floor that constitutes more than half of earth's surface.
Ocean ridge Mountainious chain of basaltic rocks at the active spreading center.
Hydrothermal vents Discovered by Robert Ballard and Jeff Grassle
Abyssal Plains Flat, featureless expanses of sediment-covered ocean floor
Seamounts Volcanic projections that do not rise above the surface of the sea.
Layers of the earth inner core, outer core, mantle, continental crust
Created by: Brookelol
 

 



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