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Elemen. Statistics
1.1 Terms and definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| statistic | numerical summary of a sample |
| Descriptive statistics | the organizing and summarizing of data through tables, graphs, and numerical summaries |
| Statistics | the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions, and providing a measure of confidence in any conclusions |
| sample | a subset of the group of individuals that is being studied |
| Inferential Statistics | uses methods that take results from a sample and extends them to the population, and measures the reliability of the result |
| An individual | a person or object that is a member of the group being studied |
| parameter | a numerical summary of a population |
| population | the entire group of individuals to be studied |
| continuous variable | has an infinite number of possible values that are not countable. The values of these variables typically result from measurement. |
| discrete variable | has either a finite number of possible values or countable number of possible values. The values of these variables typically result from counting. |
| Data | information that describes characteristics of an individual. |
| variable | the characteristic of the individuals within the population |
| qualitative variable | allows for classification of individuals based on some attribute or characteristic |
| quantitative variable | provides numerical measures of individuals. The values of a quantitative variable can be added or subtracted, and provide meaningful results |
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