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Dev't of Feudalism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Middle Ages | period of history that lasted from c.500 to c.1500 C.E.; called “middle” because if falls between the time periods of ancient history and modern times history ‘medieval’ – another name for the Middle Ages; Latin word for “Middle Ages” |
| loyalty | unswerving in allegiance; faithful to one's sovereign, government, or state |
| barbarians | a member of a community or tribe not belonging to one of the great civilizations (Greek, Roman, Christian) |
| Franks | a Germanic tribe living on the east bank of the lower Rhine River; invaded the western Roman Empire in the 5th century |
| Clovis | first Frank king to unite all Frankish tribes under one authority; converted to Catholicism |
| reign | to rule as a king, queen, emperor |
| Christianity | the religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus |
| Charlemagne | Charles the Great; Holy Roman Emperor; leader of the Franks from 768 to 814 C.E.; United most of the Christian lands of Europe creating the largest empire since the Roman Empire; converted to Christianity; extended education to all |
| Pope | head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Vikings | warrior raiders from Scandinavia; Known as the Norsemen... the “north men” |
| feudalism | the economic and political system of medieval Europe in which people exchanged loyalty and labor for a lord's protection |
| monarch | king or queen |
| fief | land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service |
| vassal | a person who receives land and protection from a feudal lord in exchange for obedience and service; a humble servant; examples… serf was a vassal to a lord; lord was a vassal to the king |
| divine right of kings | the idea that God has given monarchs the right to rule; a monarch is free from earthly authority |
| manor | large estate made up of the feudal lord’s landholdings, often including farms and a village, everything needed for daily life |
| castle | a large, fortified structure that served as a fortress against enemies |
| lord | in feudal Europe, a rich landowner who ruled a great feudal estate and could grant estates to vassals; titles included ‘Earl’, ‘Count’, ‘Duke’ |
| lady | the female counterpart to a lord; she was second to the lord of the manor and also looked after the affairs of the estate in his absence; titles include ‘Duchess’, ‘Baroness, ‘Countess’ |
| hawking | the ancient sport of hunting small wild game or birds with trained birds of prey |
| knight | a person from a wealthy family who, through years of training, becomes a professional warrior; fought on horseback; military servants of their lords an often-held manner lands in exchange for their service |
| lance | a kind of spear measuring up to 15 feet long; weapon commonly used during medieval warfare by knights |
| chivalry | the medieval knight’s code of ideal behavior, including bravery, loyalty, and respect for women |
| gallantry | a quality associated with knighthood; respect paid to women |
| joust | a medieval sports contest in which two opponents on horseback fought with lances |
| armor war by knights; made of connected metal rings or loops of chain; also known as chainmail | |
| peasant | a member of the lowest feudal class; poor, uneducated laborers who lived and worked on the land owned by nobles |
| serf | a peasant who could not leave the lord’s land on which he or she was born or worked; a landless person who raised crops; bound to a feudal manner |
| Age of Faith | A term used to describe the Medieval period in Europe, when Christianity and the Church strongly influenced daily life, government, education, art, and culture. |
| longboat | A long, narrow, lightweight wooden ship used by the Norse people c.700–1100 CE for raiding, trading, and exploration. It could travel quickly using both sails and oars. |
Created by:
jenine.haines