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hair structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abnormal hair loss | alopecia |
| auto immune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person's own immune system, usually begins with one or more small, round, smooth bald patches on the scalp. | alopecia areata |
| Total hair loss | alopecia totalis |
| Complete loss of body hair. | alopecia universalis |
| units that are joined together end-to-end like pop beads by strong chemical peptide bonds (end bonds) to from the polypeptide chains that comprise proteins. | amino acids |
| can be called the growth phase, phase during which new hair is produced | anagen phase |
| hair loss characterized by miniaturization of terminal hair that is converted to vellus hair, in men it is known as make pattern baldness | androgenic alopecia |
| the small involuntary muscle at the base of the hair follicle | arrector pili muscle |
| technical term for gray hair; results from the loss of the hairs natural melanin pigment. | canities |
| inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci; similar to a furuncle but larger | carbuncle |
| the brief transition period between the growth and resting phases of a hair follicle. It signals the end of the growth phase. | catagen phase |
| five elements - carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur - that make up human hair, skin, tissue, and nails. | COHNS elements |
| middle layer of the hair' a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment | cortex |
| tuft of hair that stands straight up | cowlick |
| an amino acid with a sulfur atom (S) that joins together two peptide strands. | cysteine |
| an amino acid formed when 2 cysteine amino acids (with single sulfur) are joined by their sulfur groups or disulfide bond. | cystine |
| A small cone shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb. | dermal papilla |
| strong chemical side bond that joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create one cystine, which joins together two polypeptide stands like rungs on a ladder. | disulfide bond |
| Provides natural dark brown to black color to the hair and is the dark pigment predominant in black and brunette hair. | eumelanin |
| technical term for brittle hair | fragilitas crinium |
| boil, acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain. | furuncle |
| lowest part of the hair strand, the thickened, club shaped structure that form the lower part of the hair root. | hair bulb |
| outermost layer of hair; consisting of a single, over lapping layer of transparent, scale-like cells, that look like shingles on a roof or bark on a tree. | hair cuticle |
| the number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch (2.5 square centimeters) of scalp | hair density |
| ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking. | hair elasticity |
| the tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. | hair follicle |
| ability of the hair to absorb moisture | hair porosity |
| The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis | hair root |
| the portions of the hair that projects above the epidermis | hair shaft |
| hair flowing the same direction, resulting from follicles sloping in the same direction | hair stream |
| thickness or diameter of the individual hairstrand | hair texture |
| spiral shape of coiled protein created by polypeptide chains that intertwine with each other. | helix |
| A weak physical, cross link side bond that is easily broken by water or heat. | hydrogen bond |
| easily absorbs moisture, in chemistry terms, capable of combing with or attracting water (water-loving) | hydrophilic |
| naturally resistant to being penetrated by moisture | hydrophobic |
| also called hirsuties condition of abnormal growth of hair, characterized by abnormal growth of hair in areas to the body that normally only grow vellus hair. | hypertrichosis |
| a fibrous protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. | keratin |
| process by which newly formed cells in the hair bulb mature, fill with keratin move upward, lose their nucleus, and die | keratinization |
| the bonds created when disulfide bonds are broken y hydroxide chemical hair relaxers after the relaxer is rinsed from the hair. | lanthionine bonds |
| naturally occurring fungus that is present on all human skin, but is responsible for for dandruff when it grows out of control. | malassezia |
| innermost layer of the hair that is composed of round cells; often absent in fine and naturally blond hair. | medulla |
| the tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair | melanin |
| technical term for beaded hair | monilethrix |
| infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice | pediculosis capitis |
| also call and end bond; chemical bond that joins amino acids to each other, end-to-end, to form a polypeptide chain. | peptide bond |
| the lighter pigment that provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones | pheomelanin |
| technical term for dandruff; characterized by excessive production and accumulation of skin cells. | pityriasis |
| technical term for classic dandruff; characterized by scalp irritation, large flakes, and itchy scalp | pityriasis capitis simplex |
| severe case of dandruff characterized by and accumulation of greasy or waxy scales mixed with sebum that stick to the scalp in crusts. | pityriasis steatoides |
| a long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. | polypeptide chains |
| temporary hair loss experience towards the end and after the pregnancy | postpartum alopecia |
| long coiled complex polypeptides made of amino acids | protein |
| variety of canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand. | ringed hair |
| a weak physical, cross-link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains. | salt bond |
| dry sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp in tinea favosa or tinea favus. | scutula |
| the oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles. | sebaceous glands |
| a fatty or oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin. | sebum |
| bonds that cross-link the polypeptide chains together and are responsible for the extreme strength and elasticity of human hair. | side bonds |
| also referred to as the resting phase; the final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed. | telogen phase |
| long course, pigmented hair found on the scalp ,legs, arms, and bodies of males and females | terminal hair |
| technical term for ringworm- a contagious condition caused by fungal infection and not a parasite; characterized by itching, scales, and sometime, painful lesions. | tinea |
| fungal infection characterized by dry, sulfur-yellow, cup-like crusts on the scalp called scutula | tinea favosa |
| scientific study of hair and its diseases and care | trichology |
| technical term for spit ends | trichoptilosis |
| technical term for knotted hair; it is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft | trichorrhexis nodosa |
| also referred to as lanugo hair; short, fine, unpigmented, and downy hair that appears on the body, with the exception of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. | vellus hair |
| the shape of the hair strands; described as straight, wavy, curly, and extremely curly | wave pattern |
| hair that forms in a circular pattern on the crown of the head. | whorl |
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Dori12070