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Forecasts/Advisories

Block 4

QuestionAnswer
Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions significant to aviation for a specified time period within 5 SM of an airport
Routine TAF Frequency and Validity: 4 times a day; 0000 0600 1200 1800; Valid for 24-hours, but 30-hours for airports with significant int'l traffic
The FM (“from”) in a TAF is used to indicate a significant and rapid change to a new set of prevailing conditions.
The TEMPO in a TAF is used to indicate temporary fluctuations to forecast meteorological conditions.
The PROB30 in a TAF is used to forecast a low probability (30 percent chance) of a thunderstorm or precipitation event
SIGMET (WS = 4) is a weather advisory concerning weather significant to the safety of all aircraft; expected to affect an area of at least 3,000 square miles or area to have a significant impact on the safety of aircraft operations.
Within the contiguous U.S. (CONUS), SIGMETs are issued for the following weather phenomena -Severe or greater turbulence - Severe icing - Widespread dust storms - Widespread sandstorms - Volcanic ash
Outside of the CONUS (OCONUS), SIGMETs are issued for the following weather phenomena - Thunderstorm of the following types: obscured, embedded, widespread, squall line, and isolated severe - Tropical cyclone - Radioactive cloud
SIGMET Schedule unscheduled or when an event is expected to occur within 4 hours; Maximum valid period is 4 hours
Convective SIGMET (WS=2) ONLY issued for the contiguous U.S. instead of SIGMETs for thunderstorms.
Convective SIGMET Issuance A severe thunderstorm has: • Winds of 50 knots or greater • Hail ¾ inch or greater in diameter • Tornadoes • A line of thunderstorms is at least 60 miles • An active area of thunderstorms affecting 3,000 square miles
Convective SIGMET Schedule Issued hourly at 55 minutes passed the hour in Eastern, Western and Central areas; Valid for 2 hours
Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET) (WST = 6) in-flight advisory concerning weather phenomena that are of operational interest to all aircraft and potentially hazardous to because of lack of equipment, instrumentation, or pilot qualifications; Scheduled; Regional; Least severe.
AIRMET Issuance • AIRMET Sierra: (IFR) and extensive mountain obscuration • AIRMET Tango for moderate turbulence, winds greater than 30 knots, and non-convective low-level wind shear (LLWS) • AIRMET Zulu for moderate icing and freezing levels • Valid for 6 hours
Which weather report would provide a forecast of severe icing over Kentucky? SIGMET
Which weather report would provide a forecast of sustained surface wind greater than 30 knots over Minnesota and Iowa? AIRMET Tango
Which weather report would provide a forecast of IFR over Georgia and Alabama? AIRMET Sierra
Which weather report would be used to forecast an isolated severe thunderstorm 25 miles west of Hill City, Kansas (HLC)? Convective SIGMET
Which weather report would provide a forecast of freezing levels over New England? AIRMET Zule
Which weather report would provide a forecast for a squall line over the New York Oceanic Flight Information Region (FIR)? SIGMET
Center Weather Advisory (CWA) unscheduled weather advisory issued by Center Weather Service Unit (CWSU) meteorologists for Air Traffic Control (ATC) use to alert pilots of existing or anticipated adverse weather conditions within the next two
Meteorological Impact Statement (MIS) unscheduled discussion product issued by CWSU meteorologists that summarizes anticipated weather conditions with potential impact on air traffic flow control and flight operations in an Air Route Traffic Control Center’s (ARTCC’s) area of responsibility.
MIS Distribution (Not used by pilots) -ARTCC Personnel -Traffic Management Unit (TMU) personnel -Other supported centers
Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB) An FB is a computer-generated forecast of wind direction, wind speed, and temperature at selected times, altitudes, and locations. FBs are used by Air Traffic Control (ATC) to help avoid clear air turbulence.
Created by: user-1843252
 

 



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