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Sorrentino's Chp 15
Chapter 15 Key Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Abduction | Movement of a body part away from the midline of the body |
Adduction | Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body |
Ambulation | The act of walking |
Brace | An apparatus worn to support or align weak body parts or to prevent or correct problems with the musculoskeletal system; also called an orthotic |
Contracture | The lack of joint mobility caused by abnormal shortening of a muscle |
Deconditioning | The loss of muscle size, strength, and function (muscle atrophy) that results from immobility and inactivity |
Dorsiflexion | Bending the toes and foot up at the ankle |
Extension | Straightening of a body part |
External rotation | Turning of the joint outward |
Flexion | Bending of a body part |
Footdrop | The foot falls down at the ankle (permanent plantar flexion) |
Hyperextension | Excessive straightening of a body part |
Immobility | An excessive lack of exercise and activity, which can cause serious health complications, affecting every system in the body |
Internal rotation | Turning the joint inward |
Muscle atrophy | A decrease in size or wasting away of muscle |
Orthostatic hypotension | A drop in blood pressure when the client stands up. Also known as postural hypotension |
Plantar flexion | The foot is bent with the toes pointed away from the leg |
Pronation | Turning downward |
Range of motion (ROM) | Moving a joint to the extent possible without causing pain |
Rotation | Turning of the joint |
Supination | Turning upward |
Syncope | A brief loss of consciousness; fainting |