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Micro Wk 1 Asgmt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is the specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification? | microbiology |
| Which of the following types of microorganisms has its own domain? | Bacteria |
| Among eukaryotes, there are ______. | single-celled and multicellular organisms |
| Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the subdiscipline of microbiology referred to as _____. | Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the subdiscipline of microbiology referred to as _____. |
| A(n) ______ is any small, membrane-bound component found inside of an eukaryotic cell. | organelle |
| The study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, helminths, is called _____. | microbiology |
| Spontaneous generation is included in the idea of ______, an hypothesis stating that life began in the absence of life. | abiogenesis |
| Which of the following types of microbes does not appear on the tree of life? | Viruses |
| The discovery of microbes as discrete entities sharing many of the characteristics of larger plants and animals was made possible by the ______. | development of the microscope |
| Eukaryotic organisms are ______. | either unicellular or multicellular |
| Which term refers to an area or object that is completely free of all life forms, including spores, and all virus particles? | sterile |
| The manipulation of microorganisms to make products in an industrial setting is called ______. | biotechnology |
| All organisms are constructed from a few major types of biological molecules called ______, large molecules made of repeating subunits called ______. | macromolecules; monomers |
| A small, membrane-bound component found inside of a eukaryotic cell, such as a mitochondrion or lysosome, is referred to as a(n) _____. | organelle |
| The fact that most compounds of this chemical class are synthesized from the combination of carbon and water accounts for the derivation of the term _____. | carbohydrate or carbohydrates |
| The hypothesis that living things arise only from others of their same kind is ______. | biogenesis |
| The simplest and smallest unit of a carbohydrate is specifically called a _____. | monosaccharide |
| Which event helped make people aware of the ubiquity and (some) characteristics of microorganisms? | The development of the microscope |
| What are 6-carbon sugars called? | Hexoses |
| A sterile environment is free of actively growing cells and microorganisms, but may contain viruses or dormant life forms such as endospores. | True |
| Most ______ are made up of monomers linked into polymers. | macromolecules |
| Of the following, which is the most common and universally important hexose? | glucose |
| The term 'carbohydrate' refers to the fact that most compounds in this class are combinations of which element and which molecule? | Water Carbon |
| ______, a polymer of galactose and sulfur-containing carbohydrates derived from seaweeds, is commonly used in the laboratory to prepare solid culture media. | Agar |
| A ______ is the simple sugar building block for carbohydrates consisting of 3 to 7 carbon atoms. | monosaccharide |
| A network of polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short peptides that forms the structural support of bacterial cell walls is called _____. | peptidoglycan, PPG, or PG |
| A 6-carbon sugar such as glucose and fructose is called a(n) _____. | hexose or hexoses |
| Which two of the following statements describe a lipopolysaccharide? | A molecular complex of lipid and carbohydrate found in the gram-negative cell wall A compound responsible for causing fever and shock in the host |
| Which term refers to an area or object that is completely free of all life forms, including spores, and all virus particles? | sterile |
| Triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes are classified as _____, nonpolar hydrophobic macromolecules. | lipids or lipid |
| What monosaccharide is the most common and important hexose? | Glucose |
| The type of lipid that is important for storage is _____. | triglycerides |
| A polysaccharide found in seaweed that is used to make solid culture media is called _____. | agar or agarose |
| Triglycerides are composed of which two of the following? | glycerol fatty acids |
| A compound in which polysaccharides are linked to peptide fragments that provides the main source of structural support to the bacterial cell wall is ______. | peptidoglycan |
| In aqueous solutions, the charged ________ of phospholipids are attracted to the water phase, and the nonpolar ________ are repelled. This property causes lipids to naturally assume single and double layers. | heads; tails |
| The outer covering of gram-negative bacteria contains ______, a complex of carbohydrate and lipid responsible for symptoms such as fever and shock. | lipopolysaccharide |
| Which of the following form the bilayer in cell membranes? | Phospholipids |
| Lipids encompass which four of the following groups of compounds? | Triglycerides Steroids Phospholipids Waxes |
| A class of ring-shaped compounds that are commonly identified as animal hormones and cell membrane components in animals and fungi is the _____. | steroids, steroid, sterols, or sterol |
| Triglycerides are ______ important in storage. | lipids |
| The predominant organic macromolecules in cells that are responsible for their structure, behavior, and unique qualities are _____. | proteins or protein |
| Triglycerides are composed of a single molecule of ______ bound to three ______. | glycerol; fatty acids |
| A(n) ______ is the monomer unit of a protein. | amino acid |
| Due to their charged, hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic, nonpolar tails, _____ can assemble into layers like those found in membranes. | phospholipids |
| Put the four levels of protein organization in order of complexity, from least complex at the top to most complex at the bottom. | Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary |
| The class of lipids containing fatty acids, glycerol, and phosphate that serves as the major structural component of cell membranes is the _____. | phospholipids |
| Which molecule contains a special coded genetic program with detailed and specific instructions for each organism's heredity? | DNA |
| Which of the following are ringed compounds that are commonly found in the cell membranes of animals and fungi? | Steroids |
| The nucleic acid responsible for carrying out the hereditary program transmitted by an organism's DNA is called ______. | RNA |
| In living systems, the predominant organic molecules are ________, which are largely responsible for the structure, behavior, and unique qualities of a cell. | proteins |
| Which of the following is the fundamental unit of life? | Cell |
| Chains of amino acids comprise ______. | proteins |
| Cells that contain a nucleus and a number of other membrane-bound organelles are called _____ cells. | eukaryotic, eukaryote, or eukaryotes |
| Beyond the primary structure of the order of amino acids in a protein chain, there are up to ______ levels of folding and association that lead to significant complexity and functional specificity. | three |
| The genetic code for an organism's heredity, found in the nucleus of eukaryotes, is _____. | DNA |
| The three primary concerns of modern taxonomy are ______. | nomenclature identification classification |
| DNA transfers the details of its program to a "helper" molecule called ______ that is used to produce proteins needed by the cell. | RNA |
| For the organism Staphylococcus aureus, aureus represents the _____ level of classification. | species or specific epithet |
| A huge aggregate of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and many other atoms combined to produce characteristics, reactions, and products that make it the fundamental unit of life is a ______. | cell |
| ______ cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. | Eukaryotic |
| Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are bacteria that share the same ______. | genus |
| Some proteins can assume a level of _____ structure in which two or more polypeptides assemble to form a larger, multiunit protein. | quaternary or quaternary structure |
| The scheme that represents the natural relatedness between groups of living beings is called their _____. | phylogeny |
| Nomenclature, classification, and identification are the three primary concerns of _____. | taxonomy |
| For the organism Escherichia coli, coli represents its ______ name. | species |
| As seen in this image, the three major taxonomic groups, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, are called ______. | domains |
| The fundamental unit of life is the _____. | cell |
| As indicated in their names, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are members of the same _____. | genus |
| The scheme that represents the relationship between groups of living organisms due to their relatedness by descent is called ______. | phylogeny |
| The primary concerns of modern taxonomy are naming, _____, and _____ organisms. | classifying, classify, or classification |
| The image shows three major taxonomic groups, Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya, which are called _____. | domains or domain |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
garrisonjr84