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Chem3401_Wk6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Enzyme | An organic compound that acts as a catalyst for a biochemical reaction |
| Enzyme reaction models | Lock-and-key or induced-fit; explanation of the way that an enzyme recognizes a substrate and binds to its active site. |
| Enzyme specificity | Explanation of why some enzymes only accommodate one particular compound while others can accommodate a family of closely related compounds. |
| Feedback control | A process in which the activation or inhibition of the first reaction in a reaction sequence is controlled by a product of the reaction sequence. |
| Sulfa drugs | The first antibiotics used in the medical field; discovered by a German bacteriologist in 1932 |
| Water-soluble vitamin | Organic compound that must be constantly replenished in the bloodstream, is needed in frequent, small doses and is unlikely to be toxic. |
| Fat-soluble vitamin | Organic compound that is found dissolved in lipid materials, carried in the blood by protein carriers, stored in tissues and is likely to be toxic when consumed in excess. |
| Nucleotide | A three-subunit molecule in which a pentose sugar is bonded to both a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base. |
| Nucleic acid | A polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides; two major types are RNA and DNA |
| DNA double helix | Two polynucleotide strands coiled around each other in a spiral staircase configuration with the sugar-phosphate backbones as “banisters” and the bases extending inward connected by hydrogen bonds to make “steps”. |
| RNA types | Heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), small nuclear RNA (snRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) |
| Genetic code | The assignment of the 64 mRNA condons to specific amino acids (or stop signals) needed for the formation of amino acids for protein synthesis. |
| Metabolism | The sum ttotal of all the biochemical reactions that take place in a living organism. |
| ATP | Molecule necessary in metabolism that contains three phosphoryl groups, a ribose and adenine. |
| Biochemical energy production | Process containing four general stages (1) digestion, (2) acetyl group formation, (3) citric acid cycle and (4) electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. |
Created by:
blaisemyers
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