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Chem from Scratch
Intro Chem
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1.13 Why is knowing chem substances not enough? | We need to know the rules for how to use the substances to what use we will give them/their purpose. Outcomes can be dangerous, medicinal, nutritious, etc. |
| 1.14 What does chemistry study? | Substances and their transformations. |
| 1.14 What is matter? | Everything that has mass and volume. It consists of many different substances. Animals and air are matter, for ex. |
| 1.14 What is not matter? | Emotions, thoughts, time, friendship, imagination, dreams, smiles, frowns |
| 1.14 What is a chemical substance? | A composition of one type of matter and a constant composition and characteristic properties |
| 1.14 What is a mixture of two substances? | More than one substance combined such as sugar and water |
| 1.14 True or False: Substance and Mixture are the same thing. | False: A mixture is made up of molecules of two different types. A substance is made of molecules of one type. Sucrose is a substance whereas sugar water is a mixture. |
| 1.2.1 What are chemical elements | Different types of atoms. |
| `.2.1 True or False: A molecule is a group of atoms bonded and held together in a consistent manner | True. |
| 1.2.1 What is the relationship between substances, molecules, and atoms | Substances are made of molecules and molecules are made up of a group of atoms that are bonded in a consistent manner. Atoms are the building blocks of molecules. A substance is made of a number of identical molecules built from the original atoms. |
| 1.2.1 What do substances represent? | A multitude of identical molecules built from atoms packed in a particular volume |
| 1.2.1 What is matter comprising molecules of different types called? | A mixture |
| 1.2.1 What is the range of atoms in a molecule | Two to several billiono |
| 1.2.1 How many atoms are there in a molecule of water, sugar, and DNA | Water: 3. Sugar: 45, DNA: billions |
| 1.2.1 What are substances made of single atoms called? | Monoatomic molecules. For example, Helium is composed of monoatomic molecules or helium atoms. |
| 1.2.1 True or False: Molecules and atoms are visible in plain sight | False: Molecules are microscopic |
| 1.2.1 What are different types of atoms called? | Chemical elements or "elements" |
| 1.2.1 of the 100 elements currently known, how many occur in nature? | 90 |
| 1.2.1 When was the periodic table originally developed and by whom? | 1860s by Russian chemistry genius Dmitri Mendeleev (1834-1907) |
| 1.2.1 True or False: There is one design of the periodic table. | False: There are many designs. For example, there are interactive periodic tables. |
| 1.2.1 What does the periodic table display? | The symbol (i.e: O for oxygen), the number (i.e "8"). The mass of each element in atomic units (a.m.u). Each element occupies a cell in the table. |
| 1.2.1 What are the atomic masses of the elements Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, and Iron? | H-1.008; C: 12.011; O-15.999; Fe-55.845 a.m.u. |
| 1.2.1 Why do some of the symbols do not seem to relate to English names? | The origin of these symbols is Latin as used by the Romans--Fe from ferrum (iron), Au from aurum (gold), Sn from stannum (tin) |
| 1.2.1 Wiki: True of False: The names of elements span from antiquity to the present day and come from different cultures. | True |
| 1.2.1 WIKI: What is the governing body for naming the elements | IUPAC- International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry |
| 1.2.2 How many main types of chemical elements are there and what are they? | Three: Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids |
| 1.2.2 What are the forces that hold a metal element together called | Metallic Bond (Volume 2). |
| 1.2.2 True or False: The body of atoms of a metal element is called a metal substance. | True |
| 1.2.2 True or False: Not all metal elements have a characteristic metal shine | False: All metal elements have a metal shine, most are silvery. Copper (Cu) is red, Gold (Au) is yellow, and Cesium (Cs) is pale yellow. |
| 1.2.2 What metal is not solid at room temperature (23 C)? | Mercury (Hg). It is liquid. |
| 1.2.2 What metal can be melted in one's hand? | Gallium at 29.8 Celsius. The human hand temperature ranges between 36 and 37 Celsius |
| 1.2.2 True or False Gallium and Mercury are safe to touch | False: Only Gallium is non-poisonous |
| 1.2.2 What does "Cesium is pyrophoric" mean? | It means that "Cesium ignites spontaneously in air" and for this reason it is dangerous. It is a very expensive an dangerous metal. |
| 1.2.2 What do Nitrogen and Argon do to Cesium? | These gases deactivate it. |
| 1.2.2 What are two examples of elements that are lustruous but are not metals? | Boron and silicon because the are not malleable. They are rigid and do not conduct electricity/energy/heat. |
| 1.2.2 What are two characteristics of metals | 1. Conduct heat and electricity 2. Are ductile (pliable) and malleable |
| 1.2.2 What are two elements that are are lustruous and silvery but not metal? | Boron and Silicon. Although both are lustrous and silvery, Boron is brittle and not malleable at room temperature. It is a poor electricity conductor. Silicon is also brittle and is a semiconductor. |
| 1.2.2 What element is a semiconductor and what does this mean. | Silicon is a semiconductor. It means it conducts electricity better than insulators such as polyethaline, glass, and wood but not as good as metals. |
| 1.2.2 What are metalloids? | Intermediate elements between metals and non metals that acts as semiconductors such as Boron and Silicon |
| 1.2.2 What are non metals? | Elements that lack the silvery shine and are poor conductors of electricity |
| 1.2.2 What non metals are gasses and why? | At room temperature hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen are non-metal gaseous elements |
| 1.2.2 What are examples of solid non metal elements? | Carbon, sulfur, and phosphorous |
| 1.2.2 True or False: When looking at fig 1.5 of the periodic table, it becomes evident that non metals outnumber metals and metalloids | False: There are only six metalloids and 19 non-metals. The rest are metals. |
| 1.2.3 What do atoms form when they bond to one another? | Molecules |
| 1.2.3 How many atoms form a molecule of water? | Three: Two Hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atom: H-O-H or H20. The 2 is written as a subscript. |
| 1.2.3 How many atoms form Carbon Dioxide | Three: One Carbon atom and Two Oxygen atoms: CO2 The 2 is written as a subscript. |
| 1.2.3 True or False Atoms of the same type do not bond to form molecules | False: Atoms of the same type also bond to form molecules |
| 1.2.3 What are examples of Hydrogen and Oxygen molecules produced with two atoms of that element and what is their chemical formula | H2 (subscript) and O2 (subscript) |
| 1.2.3 How are chemical formulas read? | In the order of the letters and numbers written, regardless of the capitalization of the letters. All must be read. |
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Therapist08
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